| 释义 |
Pharos1|ˈfɛərɒs|
Also 6–7 (9) pharus, 7 pharo, -oe, (faro); pl. 7 phari, 9 -oses.
[a. L. Pharos, -us, a. Gr. ϕάρος; It. faro (occas. in Eng.).]
1. The name of an island off Alexandria, on which stood a famous tower lighthouse, built by Ptolemy Philadelphus: hence the lighthouse itself.
1575Laneham Let. (1871) 48 Az it wear the Egiptian Pharos relucent vntoo all the Alexandrian coast. 1601Holland Pliny v. xxxi. I. 110 The second [island] is Pharus, which is joined to Alexandria by a bridge:..now by fires from a watch-tower saylers are directed in the night, along the coast of ægypt. Ibid. xxxvi. xii. II. 578 A great name there is of a tower built by one of the kings of ægypt within the Island Pharos, and it keepeth and commaundeth the haven of Alexandria. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 141 A most high Tower, like to the Pharo of Alexandria, out of which light was hung out by night, to direct the ships. 1799Naval Chron. I. 52 We saw the Pharos of Alexandria.
2. Any lighthouse or beacon to direct mariners.
a1552Leland Itin. IV. 81 This Towre is a Pharos to all Partes about from the Hilles. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. i. 70 Lanternes or light-towers standing by haven sides—commonly called Phari. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 4 Her high peak Teyda..serves as an excellent Pharoe, exceeding those at Cayro on the other side of Nylus. 1769De Foe's Tour Gt. Brit. (ed. 7) I. 177 Dover Castle is very large, and situated upon a Rock... But the greatest Curiosity is the Pharos, or Roman Watch-tower. 1807J. Barlow Columb. ix. 13 Each high pharos double flames provides. 1850J. Leitch tr. C. O. Müller's Anc. Art §296 (ed. 2) 333 The Harbours of the ancients,..with their moles, pharoses, outer bays and inner basins.
attrib.1871Farrar Witn. Hist. iv. 153 Like Pharos⁓lights which deceived and wrecked the vessels they were meant to save.
b. fig.
1596C. Fitzgeffrey Sir F. Drake B ij b, Fames stately Pharus, map of dignitie. 1606Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iv. ii. Trophies 894 Their eyes sweet splendor seems a Pharos bright. 1679J. Goodman Penit. Pard. ii. i. (1713) 140 Repentance is the Pharos or watch-tower, which gives light by night to those who are bewildered by their own vanity. 1795E. Parsons Myst. Warn. I. ix. 137 To be held up as a pharos to warn unthinking youth of the miseries attending a too hasty connexion. 1896W. K. Leask Boswell i. 14 Henry Dundas,..that Pharos of Scotland, as Lord Cockburn calls him.
3. transf. Applied to any conspicuous light; a ship's lantern; a candelabrum; a lamp.
1759Falconer Descr. Ninety-gun Ship 26 Her stern displays, And holds a Pharos of distinguish'd blaze. 1844Lingard Anglo-Sax. Ch. (1858) I. vi. 244 note, The pharus was a contrivance for the suspension of lights in the church. 1862J. Thrupp Anglo-Sax. Home vii. 212 Above [the altars]..were suspended three rows of nine lamps in a pharus of the largest dimensions. 1870Lowell Study Wind. (1886) 49, I could see these tiny pharoses..flash out. |