| 释义 |
pewit, peewit|ˈpiːwɪt, ˈpjuːɪt|
Forms: α. 6 puwit, 6–7 puet, 6–9 puit, 7–8 puett. β. 6 pewitt, 7–8 pewet, 8 peevit, pievit, 6– pewit, 8– peewit.
[Echoic, from the cry of the bird; cf. pee-weep, peesweep; also Flem. piewit-voghel (Kilian), Du. kieviet (kieuit Kil.), MLG. kivit, LG. kiwit, Ger. ki(e)bitz, kiwitz (Grimm), MHG. gîbitz, etc.; all of echoic origin. The original Eng. type was prob. (ˌpiːˈwiːt), whence by stress-shift |ˈpiːwiːt, ˈpiːwɪt, ˈpjuːɪt|. Parallel names with initial t (teewit, etc.) are also found both in England and on the Continent: cf. popular F. dix-huit, MLG. tîvit (Gramm).]
1. A widely-diffused name of the Lapwing (Vanellus vulgaris or cristatus): the usual name in Scotland, and in Eng. Dial. Dict. cited as used from Northumberland to Berkshire.
a1529Skelton P. Sparowe 430 The culuer, the stock⁓dowue, With puwyt the lapwyng, The versycles shall syng. 1570Levins Manip. 87/34 A Puet, phalaris. Ibid. 149/36 Puit, phalaris. 1612in Naworth Househ. Bks. (Surtees) 29 Sr George Dawlston's man bringing 20 puetts. 1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 254/2 A..Pewet..in the North of England..is called a Tewit, or Bastard Plover. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Spring, The Snipe and Woodcock, Pewit, or the like. c1730Burt Lett. N. Scotl. (1818) I. 129 The green plover or pewit..is therein said to be the ungrateful bird. 1821Clare Vill. Minstr. II. 121 The startling peewits, as they pass, Scream joyous whirring over⁓head. 1842Tennyson Will Waterproof 230 To come and go..Returning like the pewit [rime cruet].
b. The thin wailing cry of this bird.
1812Sporting Mag. XXXIX. 106 The shrilly sounding cry of Pe-wit. 1876Smiles Sc. Natur. xiii. (ed. 4) 260 You could now hear..the pleasant peewit of the Lapwing.
2. (In full pewit gull.) The black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus): from its cry.
1678Ray Willughby's Ornith. 347 The Pewit or Black⁓cap, called in some places, The Sea-Crow and Mire-Crow: Larus cinereus. 1686Plot Staffordsh. 231. 1768 Pennant Zool. II. 426 The Pewit Gull... The notes of these gulls distinguish them from any others; being like a hoarse laugh. 1885Swainson Brit. Birds 209 Puit or Peewit gull.
3. In U.S. A name given to various species of Tyrant Flycatchers, as the Common Pewit, Sayornis fusca or S. phœbe, and the Black Pewit, S. nigricans, small birds of 6 or 7 inches long.
1839–40[see pewee]. 1890Cent. Dict. s.v., The common pewit abounds in eastern North America. 1894Newton Dict. Birds 711 The name Pewit..was given from the bird's cry, as it is in North America to one of the Tyrant-birds, Sayornis fusca, which is a general favourite there as a recognized harbinger of summer.
4. pewit's eggs, a name for certain shells.
1776Da Costa Conchology 173 The sixth family is the Nuces seu Bullæ, commonly called the Pewit's Eggs.
5. Comb., as pewit-ground, pewit-land (poor undrained land), pewit-pool, etc. (where pewits breed); pewit-gull (see 2).
1686Plot Staffordsh. 231 At which Moss they continued about three years, and then removed to the old pewit pool again. 1894Newton Dict. Birds 710 The great Pewit-pool at Norbury in Staffordshire..had ceased to be occupied by the end of the last century. |