| 释义 |
‖ Peshito, Peshitta, a. and n.|pəˈʃiːtəʊ, pəˈʃiːtta|
Also 8–9 Peschito, 9 Peshitto.
[Syriac p'shīṭâ, -ṭô, p'shīṭtâ, -tô, ‘the Simple’ or ‘Plain’.]
The name given to the principal version of the Old and New Testaments in the ancient Syriac tongue, sometimes styled the Syriac Vulgate.
The two Syriac forms are respectively masc. and fem. of the adj. in the emphatic state, the latter agreeing with mappaqtâ, -tô, ‘version’. (The final â and ô represent the same vowel in Eastern and Western Syriac pronunciation respectively.) So far as is known the name appears first in Moses Bar Kepha, 813–903. The date of the Peshito has been variously put; the prevalent opinion is that the translation of the O.T. was made from Hebrew at an early date, and that the Peshito N.T. was a revision or recension made early in the 5th c., of a translation going back, in part at least, to the 2nd c., earlier forms of which are preserved in the Sinaitic and Curetonian MSS. Later versions, more verbally rendering the Greek, were the Philoxenian and Heraclean.
1793H. Marsh tr. Michaelis' Introd. N.T. II. i. 5 It is called by the Syrians Peshito, that is the literal. 1821T. H. Horne Introd. Crit. Study Holy Script. II. 192 The most celebrated of them is the Peschito or Literal (versio Simplex). 1842Penny Cycl. XXIII. 477/2 The Peshito (literal) Version, also called ‘The Old Syriac Version’, is one of the most ancient and valuable translations of the Bible. 1903F. C. Burkitt in Encycl. Bibl. 5001/1 To Rabbūla is due both the publication of the Peshitta and the suppression of the Diatessaron. Ibid. 5025/1 In the OT. the Syriac Vulgate, commonly called Pĕshiṭta, is a translation made direct from the Hebrew. 1904Athenæum 22 Oct. 543/2 It seems to be certain that the Syriac Vulgate, known by the name of Peshitta, dates, so far as the New Testament is concerned, from the earlier part of the fifth century, and that Rabbula, Bishop of Edessa from 411 to 435, is mainly responsible for its redaction. |