| 释义 |
perspectivism|pəˈspɛktɪvɪz(ə)m|
[f. perspective n. + -ism.]
1. Philos. The theory that knowledge of a subject is inevitably partial and limited by the individual perspective from which it is viewed; also, the partiality and limitation inherent in knowledge on this view.
1910T. Common tr. Nietzsche's Joyful Wisdom 299 Fundamentally our actions are in an incomparable manner altogether personal, unique and absolutely individual—..but as soon as we translate them into consciousness, they do not appear so any longer... This is the proper phenomenalism and perspectivism as I understand it. 1949R. K. Merton Social Theory ix. 261 Mannheim's conception of ‘perspectivism’ is substantially the same as the Rickert-Weber conception of Wertbeziehung (which holds that values are relevant to formulation of the scientific problem and choice of materials but are not relevant to the validity of the results). 1954A. Huxley Let. 17 Jan. (1969) 693 Von Bertalannfy..calls it ‘Perspectivism’, and points out that the unity of science is to be sought..in the isomorphy of explanatory laws in the different fields and disciplines of science. 1965A. Danto Nietzsche iii. 80 Does Perspectivism entail that Perspectivism itself is but a perspective, so that the truth of this doctrine entails that it is false? 1969C. O. Schrag Experience & Being viii. 276 Is it possible for a philosophy of experience..to proceed beyond the perspectivism of point of view philosophizing? 1973J. P. Stern On Realism v. 64 This perspectivism to which all experience is subject.
2. The practice of regarding and analysing a situation, work of art, etc., from different points of view and on different levels.
1948L. Spitzer Linguistics & Lit. Hist. ii. 50 We may assume that the linguistic perspectivism of Cervantes is reflected in his invention of plot and characters... Cervantes' perspectivism, linguistic and otherwise, would allow him qua artist to stand above, and sometimes aloof from, the misconceptions of his characters. 1949Wellek & Warren Theory of Lit. xii. 158 The unsound thesis of absolutism and the equally unsound antithesis of relativism must be superseded and harmonized in a new synthesis which makes the scale of values itself dynamic, but does not surrender it as such. ‘Perspectivism’, as we have termed such a conception, does not mean an anarchy of values, a glorification of individual caprice, but a process of getting to know the object from different points of view which may be defined and criticized in their turn. 1962M. McLuhan Gutenberg Galaxy 125 The habit of a fixed..‘point of view’..gave popular extension to the avant-garde perspectivism of the fifteenth century. |