| 释义 |
▪ I. pernicious, a.1|pəˈnɪʃəs|
Also 6 par-, -tyous, 6–7 -tious.
[ad. F. pernicieux (13–14th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. L. perniciōs-us destructive, baneful, ruinous, f. perniciēs destruction, ruin, death, f. per- 2 + nex, nec-em death, destruction: cf. pernecāre to kill outright.]
a. Having the quality of destroying; tending to destroy, kill, or injure; destructive, ruinous; fatal.
pernicious anæmia [tr. G. perniciöse (now perniziöse) anämie (A. Biermer 1868: see Correspondenzblatt für schweiz. Aerzte (1872) 1 Jan. 15)], a form of anæmia which formerly advanced to a fatal termination without interruption, but is now susceptible to treatment. pernicious contrary, in paper-making, a substance difficult to detect in the raw material, which inhibits the pulping process; cf. contrary n. 3 d. pernicious fever, that which proves dangerous or fatal at an early stage.
1521Fisher (title) Sermon..made agayn ye pernicyous doctryn of Martin luuther. 1529More Dyaloge i. Wks. 112/1 The confutacion of those perylouse and perniciouse opinions. 1547J. Harrison Exhort. Scottes a ij b, A thyng detestable before God,..and pernicious to the parties. 1578Lyte Dodoens 24 The decoction of Fumeterre..driueth forth..all..pernicious humors. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. iv. ix. 199 A Pestilence..that proved pernitious and deadly to those that Sneezed. a1704T. Brown Two Oxford Schol. Wks. 1730 I. 13 Men of pernicious principles. 1752Hume Pol. Disc. x. 187 He is a pernicious citizen, said M. Curius, who cannot be contented with seven acres. 1804Abernethy Surg. Obs. 73 The dreadful effects of this pernicious disease. 1874Med. Times & Gaz. 21 Nov. 581/2 (heading) Pernicious anæmia: a new disease. Ibid. 582/1 Under the name of ‘Progressive Pernicious Anæmia’, Dr. Biermer, of Zürich, has described an affection which differs from ordinary simple anæmia in a marked manner, and which..appears to be a disease sui generis. 1898Allbutt's Syst. Med. V. 519 The first general account of pernicious anæmia is due to Dr. Thomas Addison. 1936Discovery Apr. 123/1 Pernicious anaemia, a disease which was reckoned incurable until 1926, and which, since then, it has been found possible to keep under control by large and frequent doses of fresh liver. 1961[see contrary n. 3 d]. 1963R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking ii. 50 (heading) Pernicious contraries in waste paper. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. v. 15/2 The patient with pernicious anaemia formerly died, because he was unable to transport one-millionth of a gram of the vitamin [sc. B12] daily across one or two millimetres of the gut wall. Nowadays he receives an injection of the vitamin at fortnightly or monthly intervals. With this, he is in every respect a normal healthy person. 1972Listener 21 Sept. 383/2 Some 5 per cent or so of waste paper is tainted by what the industry calls ‘pernicious contraries’—substances like the bitumen used to waterproof paper or board.
b. That harbours evil designs; wicked; villanous. Now rare or Obs.
1555Eden Decades 116 Consider howe pernitious a kynde of men this is. 1605Shakes. Lear iii ii. 22 Seruile Ministers That will with two pernicious Daughters ioyne Your high⁓engender'd Battailes. 1662J. Davies tr. Mandelslo's Trav. 95 Resolv'd that they should..make away that pernicious Minister. 1791Cowper Odyss. xi. 467 Victims of a pernicious woman's crime.
▪ II. perˈnicious, a.2 rare.
[f. L. pernix, pernīci- nimble, quick, fleet (f. per- 2 + nīti, nix-us to press forward, strive) + -ous.]
Rapid, swift.
a1656Ussher Ann. vi. (1658) 580 Young men, pernicious in respect of their agility [Quoting Vell. Paterc. ii. xxxiv. ‘velocitate pernicibus’]. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 520 Part incentive reed Provide, pernicious with one touch to fire. [Cf. Horace Ars Poet. 165 Amata relinquere pernix.] 1835Kirby Hab. & Inst. Anim. (1852) II. 115 Though some birds are of such pernicious wing, there are others..that have only rudiments of wings. |