| 释义 |
perloˈcution
[ad. med. or mod. L. perlocūtiōn-em, f. per- 1 + locūtio speaking.]
†a. The action of speaking, utterance, elocution. Obs. rare.
1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 29/2 It opitulateth the perloquutione exceedingelye.
b. Philos. A speech act, such as persuading or convincing, that may or may not be successfully achieved by an illocutionary act such as entreating or arguing. Also attrib. So perloˈcutionary a.
1955J. L. Austin How to do Things with Words (1962) viii. 101 Act (C. a) or Perlocution. He persuaded me to shoot her. Ibid. 102 We can similarly distinguish the locutionary act ‘he said that..’ from the illocutionary act ‘he argued that..’ and the perlocutionary act ‘he convinced me that..’. 1969J. Kaminsky Lang. & Ontology viii. 111 It could be said to have perlocutionary act potential in that it is clearly meant to have an effect on Jones. 1973Times Lit. Suppl. 5 Oct. 1161/5 Austin called a speaker's act perlocutionary so far as, by saying something, the speaker produced some intended or unintended effect on the feelings, thoughts or actions of someone. 1976Archivum Linguisticum VII. 67 Perlocutionary effects have to do with whether or not one actually succeeds in apologizing, persuading, or whatever, over and above communicating the fact that one is attempting to do this. 1977Language LIII. 197 Both getting the officer to evict them and getting them to leave are perlocutionary sequels to the illocutionary act of asking the question. |