| 释义 |
‖ pericardium Anat.|pɛrɪˈkɑːdɪəm|
Also 6 -don, 6–7 -dion, 7 anglicized pericardie; see also pericard.
[Latinized form of Gr. (τὸ) περικάρδιον (the membrane) round the heart (Galen), neuter of περικάρδιος adj., f. περί around + καρδία heart.]
The membranous sac, consisting of an outer fibrous and an inner serous layer, which encloses the heart and the commencements of the great vessels. Also applied to the sac enveloping or enclosing the heart or corresponding organ in certain invertebrates.
1576Newton Lemnie's Complex. 105 b, The pannicle or coffyn of the heart, called Pericardion. 1578Banister Hist. Man i. 24 b, Pericardon (whiche is the Inuolucre of the hart). 1615Crooke Body of Man 358 All that distance which is betweene the Basis or broad end of the heart and this Pericardium. 1658Phillips, Pericardie, (Greek) the film, or thin skin, wherein the heart is enwrapped. a1711Ken Hymns Evang. Poet. Wks. 1721 I. 170 One..from his Pericardium streaming ey'd Both Blood and Water. 1860Alford Comm. N.T. John xix. 34 The spear perhaps pierced the pericardium or envelope of the heart. 1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 133 Fresh-water Mussel... Next to the pericardium is the non-glandular thin-walled duct.
Hence ˌpericard(i)ˈectomy [-ectomy], surgical removal of all or part of the pericardium; periˌcardiocenˈtesis [Gr. κέντησις pricking], surgical puncturing of the pericardium; pericardiotomy, pericardotomy |-ˈɒtəmɪ| [-tomy], the operation of making an incision into the pericardium.
[1900Dorland Med. Dict. 491/2 Pericardicentesis.] 1900Lancet 13 Oct. 1063/2 In 1898 Podrey did a pericardotomy for a bullet wound of the heart. 1901Brit. Med. Jrnl. 9 Mar. 38/2 Reichard finds that resection of a rib is absolutely necessary in pericardiotomy. 1913Stedman Med. Dict. (ed. 2) 672/2 Pericardectomy... Pericardiectomy. 1938M. Thorek Mod. Surg. Technic II. xxxi. 1206 Technic of pericardiocentesis. Ibid. 1212 (heading) Pericardiectomy in the treatment of the Pick syndrome. 1956W. P. Cleland in Bailey & Love Short Pract. Surg. (ed. 10) xliii. 892 At operation (pericardectomy) it is essential to remove the thickened pericardium from the ventricles. 1967S. Taylor et al. Short Textbk. Surg. xvi. 223 Constrictive pericarditis... Pericardiectomy is the treatment of choice, and is best done through a vertical incision splitting the sternum, which affords excellent exposure. 1977Lancet 6 Aug. 301/2, 15 underwent pericardiocenteses (with recurrent of effusion afterwards) before definitive therapy by pericardial drainage and local steroid instillation. Ibid. 15 Oct. 817/1, 3 of these 17 had tamponade which was successfully treated by pericardectomy. |