| 释义 |
percolation|pɜːkəʊˈleɪʃən|
[ad. L. percōlātiōn-em, n. of action from percōlāre to percolate.]
The action or process of percolating. a. The action of straining or filtering a liquid through some porous material; filtration; spec. in Pharmacy, the process of obtaining an extract by passing successive quantities of a dissolving liquid through a pulverized substance until all the soluble matters are extracted (= displacement 3 c).
1613Purchas Pilgrimage v. xiii. 512 This freshnesse of the springes..may rather be ascribed to percolation and strayning through the narrow spongie passages of the earth. 1626Bacon Sylva §3 It seemeth Percolation or Transmission, (which is commonly called Straining) is a good kinde of Separation, Not onely of Thick from Thin..But of more subtile Natures. 1799Med. Jrnl. I. 402 The..utility of Mr. Collier's new machines for percolation. 1822T. Taylor Apuleius 207 She defecates, by percolation, the precious wine. 1885C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts Ser. iv. 198/1 Percolation..is a kind of filtration, commonly called ‘by displacement’, employed for extracting the essence from roots, herbs, seeds, barks, &c.
b. The action of passing, as a liquid, through the interstices of some porous body or substance; an oozing through.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. ii. i. 56 Petrifications, or Minerall indurations, like other gemmes proceeding from percolations of the earth disposed unto such concretions. 1799Kirwan Geol. Ess. 378 Dense strata of clay..alone could detain the sea water, and prevent its percolation. 1841–71T. R. Jones Anim. Kingd. §838 (ed. 4) 345 The chyle or nutritive material extracted by the food exudes..by a species of percolation, through the walls of the intestine. 1862Dana Man. Geol. 662 The waters..reach the ocean only by percolation through the beach.
†c. Phonetics. Used of the emission of the breath through a narrow opening between two of the organs of speech, in producing vocal sounds. Obs.
1668Wilkins Real Char. iii. x. 361 Percolation of the breath betwixt both the Lips contracted round-wise which makes the vocal whistling sound. Ibid., Percolation of the breath between the top of the Tongue and the roots of the Teeth. 1711J. Greenwood Eng. Gram. 254 Letters framed by a percolation or straining of the Breath through a kind of Chink betwixt the Tongue and upper Teeth.
d. fig.
1660Jer. Taylor Duct. Dubit. ii. ii. rule ii, If we list to observe that..Pythagoras..and Socrates had great names amongst the leading Christians, it is no wonder if in the percolation something of the relish should remain. 1873Daily News 27 Aug., People grow weary of waiting for the slow percolation of that doctrine through the official mind.
e. attrib.
1895Daily News 8 Oct. 9/5 A paper was read..on ‘The Relative Value of Percolation Gauges’. 1899J. Cagney tr. Jaksch's Clin. Diagn. i. 94 The greater ease with which watery blood neutralises the acid..in the percolation tests. |