| 释义 |
peony|ˈpiːənɪ|
Forms: α. 1 peonie. β. 3 pyone, (pioine), 4 piane, 4–5 pione, 5 pyon, -oun, -an, (pyione). γ. 5–6 pyonie, -ony, -onye, pionye, pyany, -ye, 6 pionee, 6–7 pionie, peionie, peonie, 6–9 piony, 7 peiony, pæonie, 8 pioney, 6– peony, 7– pæony. δ. 7, 9 Eng. and U.S. dial. piny.
[In OE., peonie wk. fem., ad. late L. (and It.) peōnia, L. pæōnia (Pliny); in ME., pione, a. northern F. (Norm. and Picard) pione = OF. peone, peoine, pioine, mod.F. pivoine; in 15th c., pyonie, piony, peony, pæony, conformed to L. pæōnia, a. Gr. παιωνία the peony, f. Παιών, Pæon, the name of the physician of the gods, a physician; cf. παιώνιος healing, medicinal.]
1. A plant (or flower) of the genus Pæonia (family Ranunculaceæ), comprising stout herbs, or rarely shrubs, with large handsome globular flowers of various shades of red and white, often becoming double under cultivation; esp. the commonly cultivated P. officinalis, a native of central Asia and southern Europe, with flowers usually dark red.
The root, flowers, and seeds were formerly used in medicine, and the seeds also as a spice (quots. 1299, 1362, etc.).
male peony and female peony, old names for P. corallina and P. officinalis respectively. (These names are erroneously reversed in Miller's Gardener's Dict. and New Syd. Soc. Lex.) tree peony, the shrubby species P. Moutan, a native of China.
αc1000Sax. Leechd. I. 168 Ðeos wyrt ðe man peonian nemneð wæs funden fram peonio þam ealdre.
βc1265Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 557/28 Pionia i. pioine. 1299Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 495, iij li. de pyone, iijs. ijd. ob. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 155, I haue peper and piane [B. v. 312 piones; C. vii. 359 pionys] and a pound of garlek. a1400Pistill of Susan 108 Þe persel, þe passenep..Þe pyon, þe peere. c1450Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 22 Here is peper, pyan, and swete lycorys.
γ14..Stockh. Med. MS. ii. 336 in Anglia XVIII. 315 Take v greynes of pionye. c1440Promp. Parv. 395/2 Pyany, herbe, pionia. Ibid. 401/1 Pyony, herbe, idem quod pyanye. 1533Elyot Cast. Helthe iii. v. (1539) 60 b, Pourgers of choler..Pyonie. 1548Turner Names of Herbes 59 Peony the female groweth in euery countrey, but I neuer saw the male sauing only in Anwerp. 1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. iii. 712 About an Infants neck hang Peonie, It cures Alcydes cruell Maladie. 1610W. Folkingham Art of Survey i. ii. 38 Dry earth for Peionie, with sand for Paunces. 1706Phillips, Pæonia, the Peony or Piony, a Flower, the Roots of which are of great Use in Physick. 1784Cowper Task i. 35 There might ye see the pioney spread wide, The full-blown rose, the shepherd and his lass. 1867Pearson Hist. Eng. I. 56 It is even possible that to Rome we owe the rose, the lily, and the pæony.
δ1616W. Browne Brit. Past. ii. iii, They did dispose The ruddy Piny with the lighter Rose. 1887Kentish Gloss., Pinies (pei·niz), sb. pl. Peonies. 1904Dialect Notes II. 427 Piny, n., peony. 1913G. S. Porter Laddie vi. 165 Her people..spent much money on the biggest tombstone in the cemetery, and planted pinies and purple phlox on her. 1976Columbus (Montana) News (Joint Suppl.) 24 June 4/4 Even though it had medicinal value, colonial housewives did not as a rule include the peony in their herb gardens, but set it out among their flowers. They felt that the ‘glory of the front yard was the old-fashioned early red ‘Piny’’.
2. attrib. and Comb.
a. attrib. or as adj. Resembling a peony-flower, dark red; esp. of the cheeks, plump and rosy.
b. Comb., as peony-bush, peony-root, peony-seed; peony-faced, peony-flowered, peony-pink, peony-red adjs. † peony-kernel, a peony-seed; † peony-water, a drink made from the peony.
1548Turner Names of Herbes 59 Peony roote is hote in the fyrst and dry in the thyrde degree. 1694Salmon Bate's Dispens. (1713) 16/2 You may give it either alone, or in Black-cherry-water, or Peony-Water. 1796H. Glasse Cookery xxi. 327 Stick the cream with piony kernels. 1810Splendid Follies III. 48 Mopping their piony cheeks with a handkerchief. 1813M. Edgeworth Let. 19 Apr. (1971) 21 Her color is less of the peony red than it used to be. 1892T. Hardy Well-Beloved i. v, The beating of the wind and rain and spray had inflamed her cheeks to peony hues. 1895Daily Chron. 28 Aug. 3/5 Rose-flowered, pæony-flowered, and Japanese asters. 1905Daily Chron. 15 May 3/3 A pretty hat.., made in soft Manilla straw, in the natural colouring, and trimmed with one large pink peony, in soft satin and chiffon, and folded draperies of Louisine silk ribbon, in peony-pink shot with white. 1906Ibid. 4 Oct. 6/5 A new variety of peony⁓flowered, or art dahlia, in crimson and pink, is shown. 1907Ibid. 18 Sept. 3/5 Some very fine examples of the new peony-flowered variety of dahlia. 1927Eaton's News Weekly 12 Mar. 20 This pretty..frock..comes also in gooseberry green and palmetto green, or in peony red tones. 1957T. R. H. Lebar Dahlias for Everyone ii. 19 The peony flowered varieties..had comparatively flat petals. 1976W. E. Shewell-Cooper Basic Bk. Dahlia Growing ii. 16 Paeony-flowered Dahlias have blooms with two or more rings of generally flattened ray florets, the centre forming a disc. |