| 释义 |
peduncle Nat. Hist.|pɪˈdʌŋk(ə)l|
[ad. mod. Bot. L. peduncul-us footstalk (Linnæus Philos. Bot. §82 D, Pedunculus, truncus partialis elevans Fructificationem nec folia), dim. of ped-em foot.
In L. only as a late variant of pedīculus, pedūculus louse. In F. peduncule (1765 Encycl.), pédoncule (Dict. Acad. 1835).]
A comparatively long and slender part forming a support or attachment for some other part or member in a plant or animal body; a footstalk.
1. Bot. The stalk of a flower or fruit, or of a cluster of flowers or fruits; the primary or main stalk, or one of the general stalks, of an inflorescence, which bears either a solitary flower, a number of sessile flowers, or a number of subordinate stalks (pedicels) directly bearing the flowers. (Distinguished from a leaf-stalk or petiole.) Also sometimes applied to other stalks, as those that bear the fructification in some fungi.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Peduncle, among botanists, expresses that little stalk which grows from the trunk or branches of a plant, and supports the parts of fructification, the flower and the fruit, or either. 1762Phil. Trans. LIII. 83 Of equal length with the peduncle. 1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 139 Leaves either opposite or alternate; in the latter case opposite the peduncles. 1874Cooke Fungi 39 In all the Pucciniæi, the peduncles are permanent.
2. Zool., etc. A stalk or stalk-like process in an animal body, either normal or morbid.
spec. a. The stalk by which a cirriped, brachiopod, actinozoon, etc. is attached to some foreign body: = pedicel 2 c. b. A slender part or joint by which some part or organ is attached to another, as that of the abdomen in some insects, and the eye-stalk in some crustaceans: = pedicel 2 a, b. c. Anat. Applied to several bundles of nerve-fibres in the brain, connecting one part of it with another (some of which are also called crura: see crus 2 b). d. Path. A stalk or slender process by which a tumour or morbid formation is attached to some part: = pedicle 2 a.
1797M. Baillie Morb. Anat. (1807) 348 Attached to..the inner surface of the tunica vaginalis testis, by very small processes or peduncles. 1828Stark Elem. Nat. Hist. II. 123 Lamarck divides the class Cirripeda into..Pedunculata. Body supported by a tubular moveable peduncle, of which the base is fixed upon marine bodies;..Sessilia. Body destitute of peduncle, and fixed by the shell. 1840G. V. Ellis Anat. 29 The crura cerebelli, or anterior peduncles of the cerebellum. 1852Dana Crust. i. 405 Peduncles of eyes slender. 1868Wood Homes without H. xxx. 573 The abdomen is..attached to a slender footstalk or peduncle. 1886A. Winchell Walks Geol. Field 193 Living species of Lingula..clinging by their fleshy peduncles to the wharves.
3. Comb.
1849–52Todd Cycl. Anat. IV. 1210/2 The peduncle-like post-abdomen forms a receptacle for the ova.
Hence peˈduncled a., furnished with or having a peduncle or peduncles, pedunculate.
1806J. Galpine Brit. Bot. 1* Spikes peduncled. 1821S. F. Gray Nat. Arrangem. Brit. Pl. 247 Fruit oblong, peduncled. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 299 Umbels peduncled. |