| 释义 |
Pearson Statistics.|ˈpɪəsən|
The name of Karl Pearson (1857–1936), English mathematician, used attrib. and in the possessive to designate: a. The members of a family of curves described by him in 1895, which include many probability distribution functions.
1908Biometrika VI. 4 Consequently a curve of Prof. Pearson's Type III may be expected to fit the distribution of s2. 1927H. L. Rietz Math. Statistics iii. 58 The method of moments plays an essential rôle in the Pearson system of frequency curves. 1936Statistical Res. Mem. I. 41 A better approximation to p(L1′) might be obtained if a Pearson Type I curve were fitted with the correct first four moment coefficients. 1974P. Lumb in I. K. Lee Soil Mech. iii. 51 Some of the most useful standard forms are members of the Pearson family of distributions defined by d / dx {ob}log g(x){cb} = x - c0 / c1 + c2x + c3x2 .
b. A measure of the skewness of statistical distributions, proposed by him in 1895.
1911G. U. Yule Introd. Theory Statistics viii. 150 There is, however, only one generally recognised measure of skewness, and that is Pearson's measure..—skewness = mean - mode / standard deviation ... The numerator of the above fraction may..be replaced approximately by 3 (mean - median). 1925F. C. Mills Statistical Methods v. 168 Pearson's formula for measuring skewness. 1962Lebende Sprachen VII. 114/1 Pearson measure of skewness.
c. The product–moment correlation coefficient (see product n.1 6).
1912Jrnl. R. Statistical Soc. LXXV. 609 Professor Pearson's coefficient..was described and its use illustrated in two memoirs published in 1900. 1957Kendall & Buckland Dict. Statistical Terms 215 The product–moment coefficient of correlation is sometimes referred to as the Pearson coefficient of correlation because of K. Pearson's part in introducing it into general use. 1973L. D. Phillips Bayesian Statistics x. 207 The correlation coefficient (or Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, as it is sometimes called) is usually designated by r and is defined as r = σZxZy / N - 1 . Ibid. xii. 294 Transform the ranks into normal scores, compute the Pearson-r between the pairs of scores and use the inference method just discussed.
d. The chi-square test.
1912Jrnl. Exper. Zool. XIII. 203 Pearson's test depends upon a variable χ2[sic] = S{ob}(mr - mr′)2/mr{cb} where mr is the theoretical frequency and mr′ the observed. 1969H. O. Lancaster Chi-Squared Distribution ix. 175 With several degrees of freedom, for class frequencies of 5 or more, the distributions of the Pearson χ2 approximate satisfactorily to the asymptotic or theoretical χ2 distributions.
e. A set of formulæ described by him in 1899, used for estimating human stature from the length of limb bones.
1925S. Smith Forensic Med. v. 53 (heading) Pearson's formulæ. 1947Sci. News IV. 40 Pearson..compiled tables relating the length of certain of the arm and leg bones to the total height of the body. These Pearson formulas are quite remarkable in their accuracy. 1966R. Jackson Crime Doctors 25 Simpson measured the only intact bone he had—the upper part of the left arm—and, using Pearson's formula, concluded that the bones were those of a woman who had been slightly over five feet tall. |