| 释义 |
patina|ˈpætɪnə|
[In sense 1, a. L. patina, -ena, a broad shallow dish or pan, in med.L. the plate used in the Eucharist. In sense 2, ad. F. patine (18th c.), of uncertain origin, but prob. from the L. word.]
†1.
a. Archæol. The ancient Roman vessel so called (see above).
b. Eccl. = paten 1.
1857Birch Anc. Pottery (1858) II. 317 The patina was flat, and held soup; and was the generic name for a dish. 1868Milman St. Paul's 85 The patina and chalice were taken from his hands.
2. a. A film or incrustation produced by oxidation on the surface of old bronze, usually of a green colour and esteemed as an ornament. Hence extended to a similar alteration of the surface of marble, flint, or other substances.
1748H. Walpole Let. to H. S. Conway 6 Oct., Squibs..bronzed over with a patina of gunpowder. 1797Monthly Mag. III. 509 The vase is of bronze, covered by a patina of very fine green. 1876Mathews Coinage Introd. 5 The thin green coating..called the patina, which occurs on coins which have been long buried. 1892Pater Wks. (1901) VIII. 227 The old black front, with its inestimable patina of ancient smoke and weather and natural decay.
b. fig.
1933H. Nicolson Diary 24 Feb. (1966) 140 He says what the Americans lack is patina. 1955Koestler Trail of Dinosaur 79 This tendency prompts people to have their wall-brackets and picture-frames artificially dirtied to lend them the patina of age; so let us call it the ‘patina-snobbery’. 1957R. Hoggart Uses of Literary ix. 227 He develops a strong patina of resistance, a thick and solid skin for not taking notice. 1967N. Mailer Cannibals & Christians i. 13 It gives them all a high instant patina, their skin responding to the call of the wild. 1977Time 18 July 28/2 Defending the rights of homosexuals.., she mingled with and took on some of the patina of the loony left. 1978J. Thomson Question of Identity x. 97 The disorder was not a mere evening's untidiness. It had taken time to build up that rich patina of squalor.
Hence ˈpatinaed, ˈpatinous, adjs., covered with a patina, patinated; also fig.; patiˈnation, formation of or incrustment with a patina; a patina.
1848De Quincey Sortilege & Astrol. Wks. 1862 VIII. 274 Rather more patinous, if numismatists will lend me that word. 1888J. D. Butler in N. & Q. 7th Ser. V. 364 A virtuoso, valuing a coin at ten times its intrinsic worth for time-blackened patination. 1898Nat. Science Feb. 106 The origin of the patination of flints has been frequently discussed. 1936Bull. Raffles Museum, Singapore Ser. B. No. 1. 53 The neolithic implements of Puming and Pajitan..have practically no patination at all. 1947J. C. Rich Materials & Methods Sculpture vii. 199 The patination of metals is a highly specialized art. 1948W. Faulkner Intruder in Dust (1949) xi. 244 Took from the inside coat pocket a leather snap-purse patina-ed like old silver and almost as big as Miss Habersham's handbag. 1960H. Hayward Antique Coll. 212/2 Patination and colour pose problems to a faker. 1968D. Murphy tr. Gelin's Concept of Man in Bible vii. 117 This is what I call a ‘patinaed’ reading. 1970Cabinet Maker & Retail Furnisher 30 Oct. 301/2 The optional antique patination is hand-dyed. 1973Country Life 27 Sept. (Suppl.) 91 Jacobean oak court cupboard of excellent colour and patination. 1975Nature 7 Aug. 469/1 The bifaces from that site do not, on the whole, have a dark-brown polish but have a grey to white, calcareous patination or no patination at all.
Add:[2.] [b.] An acquired superficial covering or appearance, esp. one suggestive of age, a gloss; in later use, any characteristic ‘bloom’ or aura. (Further examples.)
1960C. Day Lewis Buried Day ii. 28 The box hedges colour the air with a patina of greenish scent. 1977P. L. Fermor Time of Gifts (1979) iii. 69 The whole place glowed with a universal patina. 1986J. Huxley Leaves of Tulip Tree (1987) ii. 54 He had a studio..where he showed me his work, which intrigued me for its curious patina of colours. |