| 释义 |
parochial, a. (n.)|pəˈrəʊkɪəl|
Also 5 per-.
[a. OF. parochial, parr-, perr-, in AF. parochiel (Britton, etc.), ad. late L. parochiāl-is (S. Greg. Ep. a 600), f. late L. parochia diocese, parish. In ME. the ch was prob. (tʃ).]
A. adj.
1. Of, belonging, or pertaining to a parish, or parishes in general.
a. Of the ecclesiastical parish. parochial school (Sc. and N. Amer.): a school established and maintained by a religious body. Hence parochial schoolmaster. (See also parish school s.v. parish n. 7 b.)
[1292Britton i. xix. §1 De eglises cathedrales parochieles et religiouses. 1314–15Rolls of Parlt. I. 297/1 L'Eglise de Bosham, q'est parochiele.] 1393Complaint in Peasant's Rising (1899) 47 After thoffertorie the masse parochiell. 1426Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 137 But in his chirche than parochialle Of Seint Johan he came with good entent. 1628Coke On Litt. iii. xi. §648. 344 A church parochiall may be donative and exempt from all ordinary jurisdiction. 1641Milton Ch. Govt. i. vi. Wks. (1851) 122 The poore dignity or rather burden of a Parochial Presbyter. 1704Nelson Fest. & Fasts x. ii. (1739) 598 Tithes..are the main legal Support of the Parochial Clergy. 1755in Sc. Nat. Dict. (1968) VII. 37/2 How great importance it would be both to the College and the Parish to have a Parochial School. 1791A. Murray in J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. I. 457 The parochial schools are by no means supplied with such enlightened teachers as those that were formerly instrumental in diffusing this knowledge. 1792D. McDougal in Ibid. III. 188 The parochial schoolmaster teaches Latin, English, Gaelic, [etc.]. a1817T. Dwight Trav. New Eng. (1821) I. 16 In these countries what may be called parochial schools are everywhere established. 1832Chambers's Edin. Jrnl. I. 226/2 Acts of Parliament..have considerably enlarged the salaries of the parochial schoolmasters. 1842Burn's Eccl. Law (ed. 9) I. iv. 299 A parochial chapel is that which hath the parochial rights of christening and burying; and this differeth in nothing from a church, but in the want of a rectory and endowment. 1851C. Cist Sk. Cincinnati in 1851 58 Parochial Schools. The Catholic schools are the only ones which are strictly parochial. 1860Nor' Wester (Red River Settlement) 14 Feb. 2/1 The Parochial Schools of our Protestant population speak for themselves, and I am sorry that they should have found disparagement at the hands of your correspondent. 1876J. Grant Hist. Burgh & Parish Schools Scotl. 100 The teacher of the burgh and parochial school was invariably session clerk and precentor. 1904F. Crissey Tattlings Retired Politician 263 When he [sc. the Governor] was renominated the parochial school teachers camped on his trail and made it some hot for him. 1926J. B. Ritchie Forres 74 It was held that the Grammar School of Forres had never been a parochial school. 1955Western Star (Corner Brook, Newfoundland) 10 Mar. 2/3 An amendment to the Municipal Act..would allow municipalities to exempt parochial schools from taxation. 1964Calgary Herald 11 Feb. 15 Premier Roblin Monday proposed a partial solution to the dilemma of Manitoba's parochial schools. 1972Lebende Sprachen XVIII. 35/2 US parochial school—BE/US denominational school. 1976Globe & Mail (Toronto) 16 Jan. 29/8, I attended parochial school in Winnipeg. That meant I was Roman Catholic, that I ate fishcakes on Friday and smelled of candle wax and incense. 1978Times 30 Jan. 12/5 As soon as you get more than half black in a school then the whites..put their youngsters in to private and parochial schools.
b. Of or pertaining to the civil or poor-law parish.
parochial board: in Scotland, an elective board charged with the administration of the Poor Law in a parish (later merged in the Parish Council).
1765Blackstone Comm. I. ix. 361 The statute of queen Elizabeth; in which the only defect was confining the management of the poor to small, parochial districts. 1836Dickens Sk. Boz (C.D. ed.) 4 It was at this period that he applied for parochial relief. 1861W. Bell Dict. Law Scot. 641/1 Assessments [for the relief of the poor] are imposed by the parochial boards of the several parishes. 1894Act 56 & 57 Vict. c. 73 §2 (2) Every parochial elector may, at any parish meeting..give one vote and no more.
2. fig. Pertaining or confined to a narrow area or region, as if within the borders of one's own parish; narrow, provincial. (Said of affairs, interests, etc.)
1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Literature Wks. (Bohn) II. 113 Parochial and shop-till politics..betray the ebb of life and spirit. 1867Lowell Wks. (1890) II. 276 The larger part of contemporary fame is truly parochial everywhere. 1899C. Trevelyan in Daily News 21 Feb. 5/1 Many Conservatives call social reform ‘parochial’. We claim that it is the first duty of an imperial people.
3. Ch. Hist. Of or pertaining to the parochia or charge of a bishop in the early Church.
1861J. G. Sheppard Fall Rome xii. 644 To the parochial cities were attached bishops, to the provinces metropolitans, to the dioceses patriarchs.
B. n. (rare.) (elliptical uses of the adj.)
a. A parish church.
b. A parish clergyman.
1637C. Dow Answ. H. Burton 189 Cathedrals have ever had certaine rites..which have not beene used in parochials. 1853R. W. Church in Life Dean Lake (1901) 184 In all the matters that happier parochials are so full of, and find the work and enjoyment of their lives in.
Hence paˈrochially adv.; paˈrochialness.
1690Stillingfleet Charge 40 By the Fourth Council of Toledo, the Bishop was to Visit his whole Diocess, Parochially, every Year. 1840J. H. Newman Let. to F. Rogers 21 Mar., I have little or nothing to do at Oxford parochially, and a great deal at Littlemore. 1866G. Dawson Addr. Open. Free Libr., Histories..minute in their parochialness, large in their amplitude. 1929S. Leslie Anglo-Catholic xiii. 182 He could never tell the truth to his father, since the Canon had parochially decreed that his cryptic daughter-in-law was no fit person to live in the parish. 1971Daily Tel. 19 June 15/1 This [tax] relief has been very limited in its scope and I doubt whether its passing will be more than parochially mourned. 1977Ibid. 19 Apr. 12 For a flower festival to open its golden jubilee celebrations at Addington Palace, Croydon, next month the Royal School of Church Music plans to have desert flowers from Southern California, orchids from Singapore and proteas from South Africa to demonstrate its ecumenism. More parochially, though, displays from this country will be the responsibility of the Surrey Flower Arrangers' Association. |