| 释义 |
▪ I. palmer, n.1|ˈpɑːmə(r)|
Forms: 3–6 palmere, 4 paumer, 4–6 palmare, 6 paulmer, palmar, 4– palmer.
[a. AF. palmer, paumer = OF. palmier, paumier (= Sp. palmero, Pg. palmeiro, It. palmiere):—med.L. palmārius, f. palma palm.]
1. A pilgrim who had returned from the Holy Land, in sign of which he carried a palm-branch or palm-leaf; also, an itinerant monk who travelled from shrine to shrine, under a perpetual vow of poverty; often simply an equivalent of pilgrim.
a1300K. Horn 1027 A palmere he þar mette. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 15834 A schort staf he dide hym make, Als palmeres in handes take. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. Prol. 46 Pilgrimes and Palmers Plihten hem to-gederes For to seche seint Ieme. 14..Tundale's Vis. 418 He se non..But a preste, þat a palmare was, A palme in his hande he hadde, And in a sclaven was he cladde. 1530Palsgr. 252/2 Paulmer a poore man, blistre. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. i. v. 102 For Saints haue hands, that Pilgrims hands do tuch, And palme to palme, is holy Palmers kisse. 1674Staveley Rom. Horseleach 93 The Pilgrim had some home, or dwelling place, but the Palmer had none. The Pilgrim travelled to some certain designed place, or places, but the Palmer to all. The Pilgrim went at his own charges, but the Palmer profest wilful poverty, and went upon Alms. 1808Scott Marm. i. xxiii, Here is a holy Palmer come, From Salem first, and last from Rome. 1856Stanley Sinai & Pal. ii. 144 Hence too [Phoenicia], at least in recent times, came the branches, which distinguished the pilgrims of Palestine, from those of Rome, Compostella, and Canterbury, by the name of ‘Palmer’.
transf.1906Bungalow Dec. 8/2 The exodus of these infatuated palmers is ever to the land of Shakespeare.
2. a. Name for a destructive hairy caterpillar.[Orig. applied to those of migratory or wandering habits, or that moved about in swarms: see ] 1538Elyot Dict., Campe, a worme which..is callyd a palmer. Ibid., Centipeda, a worme called a Palmer, whiche is heary, and hath many feete. 1578Lyte Dodoens ii. xxv. 177 Whose leaves be holy as though they had bene eaten with Locustes, Paulmers, or Snayles. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 803 Mingling likewise with these ashes, scorpions, spiders and palmers aliue. 1867F. Francis Angling xiv. (1880) 501 Palmers..are the..caterpillars of various moths.
b. Angling. An artificial fly, of various kinds, covered with bristling hairs like the caterpillar so called; a hackle.
1651T. Barker Art of Angling (1653) 5 There are several kinds of Palmers that are good for that time. 1787Best Angling (ed. 2) 93 Golden Palmer, or Hackle. 1884St. James's Gaz. 21 June 6/1 In certain waters a big red or black palmer is the best and best recognized lure for perch.
c. A wood-louse.
1725Bradley Fam. Dict. II, Its held to be a great secret to drink pounded Palmers found in cellars in some white wine. 1847–78Halliwell, Palmer, a wood-louse.
3. attrib. and Comb., as (in sense 1) palmer-like adj., palmer-man, palmer-staff, palmer-weed; (in sense 2) palmer bob (bob n.1 9), palmer fly; † palmer-serpent: see quot.; palmer-trout, a local name of the samlet.
1814P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 94 My flies..were the yellow dun at bottom and red *palmer bob.
1651–7T. Barker Art of Angling (1820) 33 We will begin to make the *Palmer flye.
1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Note-bks. II. 11 White head and *palmer-like beard.
1885Burton Arab. Nts. (1887) III. 276 The *palmer-man drank the bitter draught.
1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 745 Unto this Porphyre I may add the *Palmer Serpent, which Strabo writeth doth kill with an unrecoverable poyson, and it is also of a Scarlet colour.
1623J. Wodroephe Marrow Fr. Tongue 460/2 The Pilgrimes of my Deseignes shall alwayes be furnished with the *Palmer Staffe of Courage.
1836Yarrell Brit. Fishes I. p. xxxvii, *Palmer Trout. 1865Couch Brit. Fishes IV. 245 Samlet, or Parr... Branlin. Palmer Trout... Salmo Salmulus.
1845G. Murray Islaford 33 He reached his home in *Palmer-weeds.
▪ II. † palmer, n.2 Obs.
Also 5 pawmer, palmeir, -yer, 6 palmier.
[a. F. palmier, paumier palm-tree, date-tree (12th c.):—L. palmāri-us, f. palma palm. Cf. It. palmero, Sp. palmera, Pg. palmeira.]
A palm-tree; a date-tree; the palmyra.
c1470Henry Wallace ix. 1923 His handis maid rycht lik till a pawmer [v.r. to ane Palmeir]. 1481Caxton Myrr. ii. x. 88 In ynde groweth a tree moche grete and right fayr..and is called palmyer and bereth dates. 1491― Vitas Patr. (W. de W. 1495) ii. 261/2 The sayd Symeon..was clommen on a palmyer. c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 914 Palmier, datiers. 1599Hakluyt Voy. II. i. 252 Sugar which is made of the nutte called Gagara: the tree is called the palmer.
b. attrib. and Comb.: palmer-nut, ? coco-nut; palmer-tree, palm-tree (in quots. coco-nut palm).
14..Nominale in Wr.-Wülcker 711/17 Hic cucumur, vel -mis, a palmernutte. 1599Hakluyt Voy. II. i. 218 There come euery yeere from Cochin..great shippes laden with great Nuts cured, and with Sugar made of the selfe same Nuts called Giagra: the tree whereon these Nuts doe grow is called the Palmer tree. Ibid. 264 Here are very many palmer or coco trees.
▪ III. palmer, n.3 ? Obs.
Forms: 4 pamere, 5 paumere, pawmer(e, palmare, 5–7 (?–9) palmer, 7 paulmer.
[a. OF. paumer in same sense, f. paume palm of the hand: cf. palmery1.]
A flat piece of wood used for striking the palm of the hand as a punishment; a ferule.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VIII. 221 Seynt Iohn þe Evangelist appered to hym in his slepe, and manassede hym to smyte wiþ a pamere [v.rr. pawmere, paumere, pawmer: 1432 palmer: L. ferula]. 1483Cath. Angl. 267/1 A Palmare in þe scole, ferula,..palmatorium. c1500in Peacock Stat. Cambridge (1841) App. A. p. xxxvii, The Bedyll in Arte shall bring the Master of Gramer to the Vice⁓chauncelar, delyveryng hym a Palmer with a Rodde. 1561J. Daus tr. Bullinger on Apoc. (1573) 61 Children are kept in awe with the Palmer, least they forget them selues. 1611Cotgr., Ferule, a Ferula, or Paulmer vsed in Schooles for correction. 1658Phillips, Palmer, a certain instrument where⁓with school-boys are struck on the palms of their hands.
▪ IV. palmer, n.4|ˈpɑːmə(r)|
[f. palm v. 2 + -er1.]
One who palms, or conceals in the hand (a card, die, or other object, in cheating, conjuring, etc.); one who practises sleight of hand.
1671Shadwell Humourists iii, I saw you,..by help of a dozen men, chastise one poor Topper or Palmer. 1706Phillips, Palmer,..one that deceitfully cozens or cogs at Cards or Dice, by keeping some of them in his Hand unseen. 1885Pall Mall G. 19 Mar. 5/1 The clever conjurer..as a palmer and a passer..takes a high rank.
▪ V. palmer, v. Sc. and north. dial.
[f. palmer n.1]
intr. To wander about like a palmer or vagrant; to go about idly from place to place.
1807Stagg Poems 60 A palmer'd out as chance wad heft, An' till a neybors house a tuok. 1816Scott Antiq. xxix, Ony auld palmering body that was coming down the edge of Kinblythemont. 1875W. Alexander Ain Folk (1882) 208 Up an' paumerin' aboot the toon o' the seelence o' the nicht. |