| 释义 |
▪ I. pale, n.1|peɪl|
Also 5 pal, payll, 6 paile, payl, Sc. paill, 6–7 palle, pail, 7 payle.
[a. F. pal (15th c. in Littré), ad. L. pālus stake: = It., Sp. palo, Pg. pao.]
1. a. orig. A stake; a pointed piece of wood intended to be driven into the ground, esp. as used with others to form a fence; now, usually, One of the upright bars or strips of wood nailed vertically to a horizontal rail or rails to form a paling (cf. pale-board, 1483, in 8).
[1347Rolls of Parlt. II. 169/1 Estopez & transversez par goors, molins, piles, & pales par chescun Seignur contre sa terre demeigne.] 1382Wyclif Zech. x. 4 Of hym corner, and of him a litil pale [Vulg. paxillus], of hym bowe of batel. c1400Destr. Troy 5610 Pals haue þai pight, with pittis and caves. c1440Promp. Parv. 378/2 Pale, for vynys, paxillus. 1530Palsgr. 251/1 Pale or a stake, piev. 1555Eden Decades 177 Inclosynge it with stakes or pales as his owne. 1675Hobbes Odyssey (1677) 165 With a quickset⁓hedge enclosed round, And pales of heart of oak the hedge without Set close together, and stuck deep i' th' ground. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) I. Pref. 11 They stand like pales about a park. 1807Crabbe Par. Reg. iii. 314 In that small house, with those green pales before. 1881Young Every Man his own Mechanic §181. 62 Pales, cleft pales, or pale boards may be used to complete the fencing.
†b. The stake (palus) at which Roman soldiers practised fighting (Veg. Mil. i. xi, ii. xxiii.). Obs.
1622Bp. Hall Heaven upon Earth vi. 18 As therefore good soldiers exercise themselves long at the pale: and there use those activities, which afterwards they shall practise upon a true adversary.
2. a. A fence made of stakes driven into the ground, or of upright bars or strips nailed to horizontal rails supported by posts; a paling, palisade. Obs. or arch.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 5831 An ouerthwert dik..& þer-on a pale wel y-poynt. 1382Wyclif Luke xix. 43 Thin enemyes schulen enuyroune thee with pale [1388 with a pale]. 1491Act 7 Hen. VII, c. 14 The Abbas and Convent of Berking were bounde to repaire..the pale of the parke of Haveryng. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §40 To haue a shepefolde made with a good hedge or a pale. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 213 Richmen..inclosed a piece of land by pail, mudwall, or bush, storing the same with divers wilde beasts. 1792A. Young Trav. France 535 Herds of deer not confined by any wall or pale. 1810Miss Mitford in L'Estrange Life (1870) I. iv. 94 We have received a summons from the under-sheriff..given over the pale to William this morning.
b. transf. and fig. A fence or enclosing barrier or line of any material. Obs. or arch.
1564Will of H. Lacye (Morrison & Crimes 2, Somerset Ho.), My standing Mazer of silver gilte, with a pale of silver aboute the foote. 1615Chapman Odyss. i. 110 What words fly, Bold daughter, from thy pale of ivory [i.e. teeth]? 1663Charleton Chor. Gigant. 41 The exterior Muniment or pale of great stones. 1869Tennyson Holy Grail 21 Never have I known the world without, Nor ever stray'd beyond the pale.
c. fig. A limit, boundary; a restriction; a defence, safeguard. Sometimes with direct reference to the literal sense, as in to break or leap the pale, to go beyond bounds, indulge in extravagance or licence. Obs. exc. as in 5.
c1400Destr. Troy 13874 The buerne..Past ouer the pale and the pale ythes. c1460Play Sacram. 207 Myt we yt gete onys wtin our pales I trowe we shuld sone affter putt yt in a preve. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iv. xx. 134 b, The Cordicque [mountaines] out of which the [Riuer] Tiger groweth and extendeth vnto the pales of Tospie the Taur. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus ii. 12 This is the pale, and preseruatiue of pietie. 1671F. Phillips Reg. Necess. 515 Nothing within the pale or verge of Reason, or the fancy or imagination of any. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 163 ⁋14 When the pale of ceremony is broken.
3. An area enclosed by a fence; an enclosed place; an enclosure.
c1400Destr. Troy 8970 He..No more in the mater mellit hym as then, But past furth to his pale. 1464Rolls of Parlt. V. 543/2 Closure of certain parcell of the pale of oure Park. 1587Churchyard Worth. Wales (1876) 77 Make Wales the Parke, and plaine Shropshiere the pale, If pale be not a speciall peece of Parke. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 180 They cut a whole Tree down..shoulder'd it..brought it into the Pale of their Pagods. 1719De Foe Crusoe i. iv, I brought all my goods into this pale. 1871B. Taylor Faust (1875) II. ii. iii. 154 One starts there first within a narrow pale.
4. a. A district or territory within determined bounds, or subject to a particular jurisdiction, e.g. † English pale, the confines or dominion of England, the pale of English law; spec. b. the English Pale in France, the territory of Calais (now only Hist.); c. the English Pale (also simply the Pale) in Ireland, that part of Ireland (varying in extent at different times) over which English jurisdiction was established. †d. the English Pale in Scotland in 1545–9 (obs.). e. From 1791 to 1917, specified provinces and districts within which Russian Jews were required to reside. (The Russ. expression corresponding to ‘pale of settlement’ is chertá osédlosti (lit. ‘boundary of settlement’).)
1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 396 b, The Frenche king went out of his owne pale. 1600Holland Livy vii. xii. 257 The Tarquinians overran all the marches of the Roman pale. 1615Heywood Foure Prentises Wks. 1874 II. 199 To breake into my Soueraignes royall pale. 1670Blount Law Dict. s.v. Palingman, A Merchant Denizen; one born within the English Pale. 1683Brit. Spec. 112 The Britains had also (even within the Roman Pale) for a time kings of their own.
b.1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 539 A lytle beyonde Guynys, wtin y⊇ Englysshe pale, was another lyke pauylyon pyght for Kyng Rycharde. 1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. i. (1870) 120 The Cornyshe tongue [is spoken] in Cornewall,..and Frenche in the Englysshe pale. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. III. 892/1 A great number of men of warre laie at Bullongne,..which diuerse times attempted..to spoile the English pale. 1622Bacon Hen. VII 75 Upon pretence of the safety of the English pale about Calais. 1893Archæologia LIII. 289 The Pale extended from Gravelines to near Wissant, and reached inland about six to nine miles.
c.1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. iii. (1870) 132 Irland..is deuyded in ii. partes, one is the Engly[sh] pale, & the other, the wyld Irysh. 1586J. Hooker Hist. Irel. in Holinshed II. 95/1 The lord deputie..marched with the English armie, and the power of the pale to Mainoth. 1643Declar. Comm. Reb. Irel. 10 Lord Gormanston and other Lords and Gentlemen of the Pale, all now in Rebellion. 1724Swift Drapier's Lett. Wks. 1755 V. ii. 52 A various scene of war and peace between the English pale and the Irish natives. 1892Olden Ch. Irel. 277 The Pale was not a definite territory, it merely meant the district in which the king's writ ran, and in which the Irish Parliament actually exercised authority.
d.1549Jas. Henrison Mem. to Somerset xviii. in St. Papers Edw. VI, V. lf. 53 (P.R.O.) Lands lying within the English Pale of Scotland on this syde the strayte water of muscellburughe.
e.1890A. Reader Russia & Jews viii. 78 The Jews,.. as soon as the contract was completed..had to return within the ‘pale’ of settlement. 1892I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto III. 329 The whole history of her strange, unhappy race flashed through her mind... She was overwhelmed by the thought of its sons in every corner of the earth proclaiming to the sombre twilight sky the belief for which its generations had lived and died—the Jews of Russia sobbing it forth in their pale of enclosure. 1897[see golem]. 1927New Statesman 6 Nov. 104/1 Bolshevism, whilst destroying the livelihood of the Jewish masses in the so-called ‘Pale’—small traders and artisans—has disorganised Russia's economic system. 1969Observer 23 Feb. 23/2 With the Revolution in 1917, the Jews were released from the Pale and allowed to move in great numbers into Russia proper. 1976Times 8 Apr. 11/3 Generally it has been held that Jews had arrived in what was known as the Pale of Settlement, between Russia and Poland, because they were driven there, under expulsion first from England and France, then from Germany. 1977Y. Menuhin Unfinished Journey i. 4 The Mnuchins..had settled in Gomel, a smallish city..at the very center of the Pale.
5. fig. esp. in within (or outside) the pale of, in which the senses ‘limits’, ‘bounds’ (see 2 c) and ‘area’ or ‘region’ (see 4) become indistinguishable.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 414/1 The abbote..and xxi monkes..went for to dwelle in deserte for to kepe more straytelye the professyon of theyr pale. 1611Shakes. Wint. T. iv. iii. 4 The red blood raigns in ye winters pale. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. ii. xii. 53 The Diocese of Palestine, which was afterwards enlarged to the pale of the Catholicke Church. 1654Bramhall Just Vind. i. (1661) 2 For we acknowledge that there is no salvation to be expected ordinarily without the pale of the Church. 1788Jefferson Autobiog. & Writ. (1859) II. 418 The exercise of foreign jurisdiction, within the pale of their own laws. 1822Hazlitt Table-t. II. xii. 270 She is out of the pale of all theories, and annihilates all rules. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) I. ii. 31 The conversion..brought England..not only within the pale of the Christian Church, but within the pale of the general political society of Europe.
6. a. Her. An ordinary consisting of a vertical strip or band in the middle of the shield, usually occupying one third of its breadth. Formerly also applied in pl. to a number of vertical stripes or divisions on the shield: see pallet n.4, paly a. in pale: said of a charge or row of charges in the position of a pale; formerly also more generally = in the direction of a pale, palewise, vertically. (party) per pale: said of the shield when divided by a vertical line through the middle.
1486Bk. St. Albans, Her. D viij b, Iff the palys of bothe the colowris ben not equall thoos armys be not palyt. Ibid., He berith gowlys and ij palis of golde. 1572J. Bossewell Armorie ii. 90 The fielde is of the Pearle, two Spurres in pale, Rubye. Ibid. 123 He beareth Vert and Sable, parted per pale vndade, two Towers embatiled Dargent. 1614Day Dyall vi. 108 Ther 's party per pale, part of yron, and part of clay. 1677Plot Oxfordsh. To Rdr. b ij b, If Gules, lineated perpendicularly, or in pale. 1709Hearne Collect. 6 Nov. (Oxf. Hist. Soc.) II. 303 The Third window hath Nevill's Arms in Pale with those of the Sea of York. 1715Ashmole Antiq. Berks. (1723) I. 145 On a Chief Bar Nebule A Pale charg'd with a Pelican. 1810Scott Lady of L. iv. viii, I..marked the sable pale of Mar. 1867Boutell Eng. Her. (1875) 34 A shield..may be divided into any number of quarterings by lines drawn per pale and per fesse, cutting each other.
†b. A vertical stripe on cloth, etc. Obs.
c1384Chaucer H. Fame iii. 750 But what art thow that seyest this tale, That werest on thy hose a pale?
†7. Bot.
a. The ‘ray’ or outer set of florets in composite flowers.
b. Each of the parts or leaves of the ‘impalement’; a calyx-leaf or sepal, or (in composites) a bract of the involucre: = impaler.
a.1578Lyte Dodoens i. xi. 19 Floures yellow in the middest, and compassed aboute as it were with a little pale of small white leaues. 1683Ray Corr. (1848) 131 Whether..naturally a full or double flower, or only consisting of a pale or border of leaves?
b.1676Grew Anat. Flowers i. §4 In the Empalement..the Pales or Pannicles of every Under-Order, serve to stop up the Gaps made by the Recess of the Upper.
8. attrib. and Comb., as pale-board (see sense 1), pale-cleaver (who makes cleft pales), pale-fence, pale-gate, pale-row; pale-enclosed adj. See also paleman, palewise.
1483–4Durham Acc. Rolls 98, 12 plaustrat. de lez payll⁓bordes. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 106 The Mastholme..maie also be made in Wainscot, and Paile boorde. 1578Faversham Par. Reg. (MS.), Wyll'm Smythe, a palle cleuer. 1645Quarles Sol. Recant. ii. 51 Take pleasure in thy pale-enclosed Grounds. 1667Duchess of Newcastle Life of Dk. of N. (1886) II. 136 Only the pale⁓row was valued at {pstlg}2000. 1834J. Kemper in Wisconsin State Hist. Soc. Coll. (1898) XIV. 423 In walking over the meadow..passed an indian burial place, 2 poles with white flags flying a pale fence partly surrounding the place. 1836W. Dunlap Mem. Water Drinker (1837) I. 12 It was..a ricketty wooden pale-gate drawn back by a chain and bullet. 1845M. M. Noah Gleanings 77 His house is..surrounded with a white pale fence. 1850H. C. Watson Camp-Fires of Revolution 28 Their ranks looked like a broken pale-fence. 1889Stockton in Cent. Mag. Dec. 300/2 A high pale fence surrounded the house yard.
▸ beyond the pale (of): outside or beyond the bounds (of). beyond the pale: outside the limits of acceptable behaviour; unacceptable or improper. Cf. senses 4a and 5a.
The theory that the origin of the phrase relates to any of several specific regions, such as the area of Ireland formerly called the Pale (see sense 4b) or the Pale of Settlement in Russia (see sense 4c), is not supported by the early historical evidence and is likely to be a later rationalization.
1720A. Smith Compleat Hist. Rogues III. Pref. sig. a*3, Acteon..suffer'd his Eye to rove at Pleasure, and beyond the Pale of Expedience. 1773H. Mackenzie Man of World I. v. 58 Nature is thus wise in our construction, that, when we would be blessed beyond the pale of reason, we are blessed imperfectly. 1847C. Brontë Jane Eyre III. ix. 252 Without one overt act of hostility,..he contrived to impress me momently with the conviction that I was put beyond the pale of his favour. 1885‘Mrs. Alexander’ At Bay iv, Unknown, doubtful Americans, neither rich nor highly-placed are beyond the pale. 1928Public Opinion 8 June 547/3 If you pinched a penny of his pay you passed beyond the pale, you became an unmentionable. 1974A. Goddard Vienna Pursuit ii. 60 The Jews were shown to be beyond the pale—untermenschen who had murdered Christ. 1994Western Living Oct. 12/1 For most folks, human branding remains beyond the pale.
▪ II. pale, n.2 Now rare or Obs.
[f. pale a.]
Paleness, pallor.
a1547Surrey æneid iv. 666 The pale her face gan staine. 1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 589 A suddain pale,..Vsurpes her cheeke, she trembles at his tale. 1635A. Stafford Fem. Glory (1860) 116 You..on whose cheeks Solitude, Prayers, Fasts, and Austerity have left an amiable pale. 1797A. M. Bennett Beggar Girl (1813) III. 205 The deadly pale of her countenance increasing. 1832Bowles St. John in Patmos i. 236 The sun is of an ashy pale. 1887M. E. Wilkins Humble Romance 110 ‘It ain't so much the pale,’ said Mrs. Potter, ‘but thar's..a kind of a look around..the mouth that I've seen a good many times.’
▪ III. pale, n.3 ? dial.
[ad. L. pāla spade, oven-pale or -peel: see also peel.]
a. A baker's shovel, a peel.
b. A cheese-scoop (Simmonds Dict. Trade 1858).
1728sense b [ implied in pale v.4]. 1816Muir Minstrelsy 46 (E.D.D.) I'se gie a cheese..the very wale, To try it ye may bring a pale. 1857Gentl. Mag. Aug. 181 The ‘Pale’ is the name given to the long wooden shovel on which the bread is placed in order to be pushed into the oven.
▪ IV. pale, n.4 Bot.
[ad. L. palea chaff.]
= palea.
1866Treas. Bot. 836/2 Paleæ, or Pales.., membranous scales resembling chaff. The inner scales of the flower in grasses are pales. 1891Oliver Elem. Bot. 45 Wheat... Each flower is enclosed between a flowering-glume and a pale.
▪ V. [pale
in cross-pale, error for spale, spall.]
▪ VI. pale, a.|peɪl|
Also 4 pal, 4–6 paal(e, 5 palle, payll, 5–6 Sc. paill, 6 Sc. pail(e.
[ME. a. OF. palle, pale (mod. F. pâle):—L. pallid-um pale, f. pallēre to be pale.]
1. a. Of persons, their complexions, etc.: Of a whitish or ashen appearance; not ruddy or fresh of complexion; pallid; wan (either naturally, or temporarily as a result of fear or other emotion).
a1300Cursor M. 24004 Ful pale [v.r. pal] wex al mi hide. c1350Will. Palerne 881 He cast al his colour and bi-com pale. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 866 Thisbe, And pale as box sche was. c1470Henry Wallace x. 565 Behaldand his paill face, He kyssyt him. 1470–85Malory Arthur x. xxxiv, He starte abak and waxed paale. 1545Joye Exp. Dan. v. 69 Then was y⊇ kynges face paal and his cogitacions so ferefully troubled him that [etc.]. 1602Shakes. Ham. iii. i. 85 The Natiue hew of Resolution Is sicklied o're, with the pale cast of Thought. 1709Steele Tatler No. 23 ⁋2 The Man grew pale as Ashes. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xiv, The Fair Maid of Perth's complexion changed from red to pale, and from pale to red. 1870Morris Earthly Par. I. i. 436 Then pale as privet, took she heart to drink.
b. generally. Of a shade of colour approaching white; lacking intensity or depth of colour; faintly coloured.
1382Wyclif Rev. vi. 8 And loo! a paal hors; and the name Deeth to him that sat on him. c1400Sege Jerus. 743 Suþ putteþ þe prince ouer his pale wedes A brynye, browded þicke. c1400Destr. Troy 2004 Euer in point for to perysshe in the pale stremys. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 360 b, Thre sunnes,..one while of a pale colour, an other while as red as bloud. 1630Milton On May Morning 4 The yellow Cowslip, and the pale Primrose. 1699Lister Journ. to Paris 108 The first Writing was turned so pale, that they took no pains to rub it out. 1784Cowper Task iii. 573 The ruddier orange, and the paler lime. 1868J. E. A. Brown Lights thro' Lattice 27 The pale Grey duskiness of olive foliage.
c. Qualifying adjs. (or ns.) of colour. (Usually hyphened in attrib. construction.)
1588Shakes. L.L.L. i. ii. 107 Blushing cheekes by faults are bred, And feares by pale white showne. 1717Prior Alma ii. 332 Her scarf pale pink, her head-knot cherry. 1783Lightfoot in Phil. Trans. LXXV. 12 The eggs..of a pale-blush colour. 1798Southey Sonnets xi, And timidly did its light leaves disclose, As doubtful of the spring, their palest green. 1811W. R. Spencer Poems 54 Like thee, whose pale-rose lips they press. 1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. xxxv, The pale-golden straw.
d. Used to distinguish things of lighter colour than others of the same kind: esp. of certain liquors, and flowers or plants. spec. as pale ale (also ellipt.); pale sherry, a general term for light-coloured, dry sherries.
1708Diss. on Drunkenness 6 Numbers of Pale Ales, nam'd after the..Brewers that prepare them. 1833C. Redding Hist. Mod. Wines vi. 189 Pale sherry is made from the same grape as the brown, to the wine from which is added a couple of bottles of very pure brandy to each butt. 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 801 Three different kinds of cinchona bark..the pale, the yellow, and the red. 1846R. Ford Gatherings from Spain xiv. 161 Pure genuine sherry..will stand the importer from 100 to 130 guineas in his cellar... The reader will now appreciate the bargains of those ‘pale’ and ‘golden sherries’ advertised in the English newspapers at 36s. the dozen, bottles included. 1849Pale ale [see brown sherry s.v. brown a. 7]. 1853Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc. V. 173 (heading) Alleged adulteration of pale ales by strychnine. 1861Miss Pratt Flower. Pl. VI. 162 Oak Fern..is sometimes called Pale Mountain Polypody. 1891in C. Ray Compleat Imbiber (1967) IX. 122 Pale Sherry..Per. Doz. 20/-. 1965A. Sichel Penguin Bk. Wines iii. 231 Intermediate types of sherry are described as brown, light golden, pale, etc., and are for the most part excellent wines, blended to the taste and needs of importers. 1976‘J. Fraser’ Who steals my Name? ix. 104 Don't guzzle down that Clos de Vougoet as if it was Watney's Pale. That's worth six pounds a bottle. 1977Berry Bros. & Rudd Catal. Apr. 6 South African Sherry{ddd}pale extra dry—per bottle {pstlg}1·70.
e. Pale Brindled Beauty, a geometrid moth, Apocheima pilosaria, usually having light-coloured wings flecked with darker markings.
[1803A. H. Haworth Lepidoptera Britannica 274 (heading) The pale Brindle. 1824G. Samouelle Entomologist's Useful Compendium 363 The pale brindle. Trunks of trees.] 1860H. N. Humphreys Genera Brit. Moths 81 (caption) The Female of the Pale Brindled Beauty. 1908R. South Moths Brit. Isles (ser. 2) 295 Pale Brindled Beauty... The fore wings of this species are greyish,..sprinkled with darker grey or brownish. 1955E. B. Ford Moths xiii. 191 A black form of the Pale Brindled Beauty has become well established in some of the industrial areas of the north and round London. 1964Sunday Times (Colour Suppl.) 2 Feb. 33 (caption) The male Pale Brindled Beauty moth may have these typical markings, but others have black wings. 1966Punch 30 Mar. 463/1 Some ancient apple trees,..generous hosts, in season, to the Capsid Bug and..the Pale Brindled Beauty.
2. Of something luminous or illuminated: Wanting in brightness or brilliancy; of faint lustre; dim.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. ii. met. iii. 26 (Camb. MS.) Wan the sonne is rysyn the day sterre wexeth paale and leseth hir lyht. 14..Circumsision in Tundale's Vis. (1843) 85 That lyght was pale and nothyng clere. 1549Compl. Scot. 38 Also fayr dyana, the lantern of the nycht, be cam dym ande pail. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. v. i. 125 This night methinkes is but the daylight sicke, It lookes a little paler, 'tis a day, Such as the day is, when the Sun is hid. 1736Gray Statius i. 54 The Sun's pale sister, drawn by magic strain. 1867Hayne Bk. Sennet II. 230 Rugged December..Marshals his pale Days to the mournful dirge.
3. fig. (with various implications): Dim, faint, feeble; lacking intensity, vigour, or robustness; fearful, timorous, etc.
c1530L. Cox Rhet. (1899) 53 Poetes haue..made many lyes of the pale kyngdome of Pluto. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, ii. Prol. 14 The French..shake in their feare, and with pale Pollicy Seeke to diuert the English purposes. 1820Shelley Ode Liberty xvi, That the pale name of Priest might shrink and dwindle Into the hell from which it first was hurled. 1891G. Meredith in Academy (1898) 8 Oct. 14/2 My health is of a pale sort at present.
4. a. Comb., chiefly parasynthetic, as pale-blurred, pale-breasted, pale-cheeked, pale-coloured, pale-complexioned, pale-eyed, pale-hued, pale-leaved, pale-lipped, pale-mouthed, pale-snowed, pale-spotted, pale-starred, pale-tinted, pale-visaged; sometimes fig. with implication of fear, feebleness, etc., as pale-blooded, pale-hearted, pale-livered, pale-souled, pale-spirited. Also advb., as † pale-dead (or ? two words), pale-gleaming, pale-glimmering. (See also pale-face, -faced.)
1579–80North Plutarch 739 These pale visaged and carion leane people, I feare them most, meaning Brutus and Cassius. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, iv. ii. 48 The gumme downe roping from their pale-dead eyes, And in their pale dull mouthes the Iymold Bitt Lyes foule with chaw'd-grasse. 1605― Macb. iv. i. 85 That I may tell pale-hearted Feare, it lies. 1624Massinger Parl. Love iv. ii, Whose cruelty..Would with more horror strike the pale-cheeked stars. 1629Milton On Nativity xix, The pale-ey'd Priest from the prophetic cell. 1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2407/4 A..Man of a middle size,..and pale Complexion'd. 1746Brit. Mag. 7 Yon overgrown pale-liver'd Rascal. 1789Pilkington View St. Derbysh. I. 417 Ranunculus hirsutus, pale-leaved Crowfoot. 1820Keats Ode to Psyche in Lamia & other Poems 119 No shrine, no grove, no oracle, no heat Of pale-mouth'd prophet dreaming. 1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. II. xxv. 142 Deronda, who considered Grandcourt a pale-blooded mortal. 1913D. H. Lawrence Love Poems 8 Pale-breasted throstles and a blackbird. 1918D. H. Lawrence New Poems 32 Pale-blurred, with two round black drops..my own reflection! a1918W. Owen Coll. Poems (1963) 103 And when the land lay pale for them, pale-snowed. 1920Blunden Waggoner 33 But, alas, she falls in a swoon, Pale-lipped like a withering moon. 1921W. de la Mare Veil 6 But with set, wild, unearthly eyes Pale-gleaming, fixed as if in fear, She couched in the water. 1954J. R. R. Tolkien Two Towers iii. iii. 52 Mist lay there, pale-glimmering in the last rays of the sickle moon. 1929Blunden Near & Far 46 While unamazed I view the siege of pale-starred horror raised By dawn.
b. Special Comb.: pale crêpe (or crepe) (rubber), crêpe rubber of a pale yellowish colour, made by treating the latex with a chemical such as sodium bisulphite to prevent its turning brown.
1913India-Rubber Jrnl. XLVI. 222/1 The preparation of pale crepe..is confined to the plantation rubber industry. Ibid., In the preparation of pale crepe rubber the latex is coagulated in volumes varying from a few gallons to 500 or 600 gallons. 1937[see crêpe 2]. 1938C. F. Flint Chem. & Technol. Rubber Latex iv. 126 Pale crêpe rubber may disappear from the market owing to the increasing use of latex for purposes for which pale crêpe was formerly used. 1970Encycl. Polymer Sci. & Technol. XII. 187 Pale crepe is a long-established special rubber used for high-grade shoe soling and for applications needing a very light-colored, pure rubber.
▪ VII. pale, v.1 Now rare.|peɪl|
Also 5–7 payle, 6 Sc. peill.
[a. OF. pale-r, f. pal pale n.1: cf. L. pālāre, f. pālus stake.]
1. trans. To enclose with pales or a fence; to furnish with a fence; to encircle, surround, fence in.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 1055 Þe kyng dide ȝyt pale hit efte. 1469Paston Lett. II. 337 They..shulde payle certeine of the Parke of Weverston. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. V 65 b, The Frenchmen diched, trenched and paled their lodgynges. 1610Healey St. Aug. Citie of God 179 Curtius the Consull payled it [the lake] about. 1667Duchess of Newcastle Life Dk. of N. (1886) II. 137 He hath stocked and paled a little park belonging to it. 1706London & Wise Retir'd Gardner 24 A Trelliss, or Pole-Hedge, to pale up our Trees. 1778Eng. Gazetteer (ed. 2) s.v. Malwood-Castle, K. Charles II. ordered it to be paled in. 1831Eastern Ross Farm Rep. 89 in Lib. Usef. Kn., Husb. III, A hedge was planted,..paled on that side to protect the hedge until it should be able to protect itself.
b. transf. and fig. To encircle, encompass, hem in; to enclose as a paling or fence. Const. in, up.
1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1596) 7/2 Yet it becommeth euerie man..there to keepe him, wherein his owne precinct dooth pale him. c1596Declar. Fun. Lady K. Berkely in Gentl. Mag. (1819) LXXXIX. i. 24 In the first aisle stood the foresaid 70 poor women, paling the passage on either side. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, v. Prol. 10 Behold the English beach Pales in the flood; With Men, Wiues, and Boyes. 1650O. Sedgwick Christ the Life Ep. Ded., He still desired that Justice might be as a River, and never coveted to pale it in as a pond for his private use. 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. xxvii, All our possessions are paled up with new edicts every day.
c. With out: To shut out or exclude by a fence.
1597J. King On Jonas (1618) 106 All the ground of the earth besides was paled out.
†2. To fix or stretch by means of stakes, to stake. Sc. Obs.
1584Reg. mag. Sig. 28 Aug. (Rec. Ser.) 225/2 To haill, schutt, peill and draw nettis.
†3. To stripe, to mark or adorn with vertical stripes. Obs. (Almost always in pa. pple.: see paled ppl. a.1 1, paling vbl. n.1 1.)
4. (See quot.) [Origin uncertain.]
1703Neve City & C. Purchaser 194 The Method of Paleing (as they call it,) or Soddering on of Imbost Figures on Leaden Work. Ibid., Suppose a..Head in Bass-relief, were to be Pal'd on a Pump cistern for an Ornament..the Plate where it is to be pal'd on must be scrap'd very clean. 1734Builder's Dict. II. B 7 b. 1881Archit. Publ. Soc. Dict. s.v. Paleing.
▪ VIII. pale, v.2|peɪl|
[ad. OF. palir (12th c.), F. pâlir to grow pale, make pale, f. pâle adj. pale; cf. L. pall-ēre to be pale, pallesc-ĕre to become pale. See also pall v.1]
1. a. intr. To grow pale or dim; to lose colour or brilliancy; to become pale in comparison. Also fig.
13..E. E. Allit. P. A. 1003 Þe calsydoyne þenne with⁓outen wemme, In þe þryd table con purly pale. c1430Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 1559 Her colour gan to pale in hast. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xix. (Percy Soc.) 92 Her gaye whyte coloure began for to pale. 1637G. Daniel Genius of Isle 140 The Red Rose pal'd, the White was soil'd in red. 1822Bowles Grave of Last Saxon i. 72 The morning stars Began to pale. 1860J. W. Warter Sea-Board & Down II. 458 All other beauty pales before the Beauty of Holiness. 1871R. Ellis Catullus lxviii. 138 Must I pale for a stray frailty?
b. In phr. to pale into insignificance: to lose importance (freq. in comparison with a greater achievement).
1909Daily Graphic 26 July 10/1 He..made a flight of twenty-five miles across country; but that, of course, pales into insignificance by the side of the Channel flight. 1966Listener 27 Oct. 602/1 This..will..be a standard biography upon a scale which will make..the rest pale into insignificance.
2. trans. To make pale, cause to become pale; to dim.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. ii. met. iii. 26 (Br. M. MS.) Þe sterre ydimmyd paleþ hir white cheres by þe flamus of þe sonne. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. v. 90 The Glow-worme showes the Matine to be neere, And gins to pale his vneffectuall Fire. 1709Prior Solomon iii. 26 To..Pale it with Rage, or redden it with Shame. 1883S. C. Hall Retrospect II. 287, I can..see his sunburnt face not yet paled by a month..in London.
▪ IX. † pale, v.3 Obs. rare.
[Derived ult. from L. palliāre or F. pallier (16th c. in Oresme).]
= palliate v. 3.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 91 It is an vnperfiȝt cure, but þou maist pale it [L. palliare], & do it awey þe stinche with hony waischinge. Ibid. 96 Sese fro þe verreye cure and turne ageyne to þe forseyde cure of þe oygnement of tuetye, whiche þat palyth þe cancre.
▪ X. pale, v.4 dial.
[f. pale n.3]
trans. To cut or scoop (cheese) with a cheese-scoop.
1728Ramsay Fables xi. 19 The cheese he pales, He prives, its good; ca's for the scales.
▪ XI. pale, v.5 Now dial.
[Origin uncertain. Darlington S. Cheshire Folk-sp. has pale, a barley-spike or awn: but cf. pail v.2]
trans. To beat (barley) so as to detach the awns. Hence paling vbl. n.; paling-irons, an implement with which barley is ‘paled’.
1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 74/1 Paling of Barley, is the beating of it, to get the beards from it. 1847–78Halliwell, Pale, to beat barley. Chesh. 1887Darlington South Cheshire Folk-sp., Pale v. to remove the awns of barley with ‘paling-irons’.
▪ XII. pale
obs. form of pail n., pall. |