| 释义 |
Pakhtun, n. and a.|pəkˈtuːn|
Also Pakhtoon, Pakhtun, etc., and in form Pashtun, Pushtun.
[Pashto.]
A. n. A member of a Pashto-speaking tribal people, also called Pathan, inhabiting parts of south-east Afghanistan and north-west Pakistan; this people collectively.
B. adj. Of or pertaining to this people.
1815M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom of Caubul ii. i. 151 Their own name for their nation is Pooshtoon; in the plural, Pooshtauneh. The Berdooraunees pronounce this word Pookhtauneh. 1867H. W. Bellew Dict. Pukkhto p. vii, To have given place to all the words of those languages used in an unchanged form by Pukkhtūn authors, would have added unnecessarily to the bulk of the work. 1880― Races of Afghanistan vi. 56 The term Pathán is not a native word at all. It is the Hindustani form of the native word Pukhtána, which is the plural of Pukhtún, or Pakhtún..as it is pronounced by the Afrídí. And Pukhtún is the proper patronymic of the people inhabiting the country called Pukhtún-khwá, and speaking the language called Pukhtú or Pukhto. 1885G. C. Whitworth Anglo-Indian Dict. 245/2 Paṭhán (Hindustáni, from the Pashṭo pakhṭána, the plural of pakhtun, the name of a people inhabiting the country called by Herodotus Pactiya.) 1906A. Hamilton Afghanistan x. 263 After the Afghans the dominant people are the Pukhtun or Pathans, represented by a variety of tribes. 1908Encycl. Relig. & Ethics I. 158/2 The Afghans themselves prefer the designation Pushtūn or Pukhtūn, older form Pashtūn, Pakhtūn (whence their Indian name Pathān). 1940P. Sykes Hist. Afghanistan I. i. 13 The Afghan nomads organized on a tribal system, whose true national name is Pashtun or Pakhtun, generally termed ‘Pathan’ by Europeans, belong to the Turko-Iranian type. 1955Times 11 May 9/6 Even before 1947 the Pathans (or Pakhtoons, as they are called in their own tongue) had been claiming the right to independence. 1956Ann. Reg. 1955 116 The Afghan Prime Minister..stated that the proposed merger of West Pakistan would never be accepted or recognized either by the ‘Pakhtun nation’ or by his Government. 1963Times 13 May 9/5 One consequence expected from Sardar Muhammad Daud Khan's resignation was an improvement of relations between Afghanistan and its neighbour Pakistan... Afghanistan is so publicly committed to the cause of the Pakhtuns, however, that no sudden relinquishment can be expected. 1971Illustr. Weekly India 18 Apr. 21/2 West Pakistan in order to consolidate the Baluchis and the Pakhtoons in its north-west, may be forced into a diversionary adventure in Kashmir. 1973Times 27 July 16/5 An attempt was made to raise the Pakhtun flag on the banks of the Indus. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VII. 783/1 The Pashtuns believe themselves to have originated in Afghanistan and to be descended from a common ancestor. |