| 释义 |
Paiute, n. and a.|ˈpaɪuːt|
Also 9 Pah-Utah, Pah-Utche, Pah-Ute, Pa-Utah, Pie-Utaw; 9– Piute.
[ad. Sp. Payuta, or ad. native name (perhaps paγiutsi fish people), influenced by Utah and Ute.]
A. n.
a. A Shoshonean Indian people inhabiting parts of Utah, northern Arizona, and southeastern Nevada (more fully Southern Paiute); also, a culturally similar Shoshonean people of western Nevada and adjacent parts of California, Oregon, and Idaho (Northern Paiute); a member of either of these peoples.
The Southern Paiute and Northern Paiute are not subdivisions of a single people; their languages are distinct, and their territories are not contiguous.
1827D. T. Potts in D. M. Frost Notes on Gen. Ashley (1960) 63 This river [sc. the Sevier] is inhabited by a numerous tribe of miserable Indians... They call them⁓selves Pie-Utaws, and I suppose are derived from the same stock [as the Utaws]. 1827J. Smith in H. D. Carew Hist. Pasadena (1930) I. 136 Passing down this river some distance, I fell in with a nation of Indians who call themselves Pah Utches. 1860Mayne Reid Odd People 329 In the western & southern division of the Great Basin, the Digger exists under the name of Paiute, or more properly, Pah-Utah—so-called from his supposed relationship with the tribe of the Utahs. 1881Encycl. Brit. XII. 825/2 In California and the south⁓western States, occupied by the morally debased and physically degraded Pah-Utes. 1910F. W. Hodge Handbk. Amer. Indians II. 186/2 Paiute... In common usage it has been applied at one time or another to most of the Shoshonean tribes of W. Utah, N. Arizona, S. Idaho, [etc.] 1937R. H. Lowie Hist. Ethnol. Theory vi. 55 Had he begun his studies among the Eskimo or Paiute, his general views might have been different. 1947B. Haile Prayer Stick Cutting 43 Neckbands..should be of otter or beaver skin obtained from the..Paiutes. 1952J. R. Swanton Indian Tribes N. Amer. 375 With the Bannock, the Northern Paiute constituted one dialectic group of the Shoshonean Branch of the Uto-Aztecan stock. Ibid. 381 The Southern Paiute belonged to the Ute-Chemehuevi group of the Shoshonean branch of the Uto-Aztecan stock. 1959E. Tunis Indians 107/2 The southern Paiute, the Bannock, and the Gosiute were typical ‘tribes’, though they were not actually organized as tribes. 1973A. H. Whiteford N. Amer. Indian Arts 39 One-rod coiling was done by the Pomo and Paiute. 1974A. MacLean Breakheart Pass i. 12 They say the Paiutes kill every white man on sight. 1977H. Landar in T. A. Sebeok Native Lang. Americas II. iii. 327 The term Snake, applied to the Northern Paiute of Oregon, is used of other Shoshonean groups as well.
b. Either of the languages of the Paiute, technically distinguished as Southern Paiute and Northern Paiute.
1915Everybody's Mag. Oct. 461/2, I talked Piute to him all afternoon and he didn't understand a word of it. 1921E. Sapir Language 67 Paiute, for instance, may compound noun with noun. 1933L. Bloomfield Language iv. 72 The Shoshonean family (in southern California and eastward, including Ute, Paiute, Shoshone, Comanche, and Hopi). 1949E. A. Nida Morphol. (ed. 2) iv. 103 Alternating unvoicing and reduction as in Southern Paiute. 1975Language LI. 124 Consider an alternating stress rule, such as that of Southern Paiute, which stresses every alternate vowel from left to right across a word. 1977H. Landar in T. A. Sebeok Native Lang. Americas II. iii. 327 Northern Paiute... 2,000 [speakers] in Nevada, California, Oregon and Idaho.
B. adj. Of or pertaining to the Paiute or their languages.
1845J. C. Frémont Rep. Exploring Expedition 260 They rarely carried home horses, on account of the difficulty..of guarding them..from the Pa-utah Indians. 1869‘Mark Twain’ Innoc. Abr. xx. 205 Tahoe means grasshoppers. It means grasshopper soup. It is Indian,..They say it is Pi-ute—possibly it is Digger. 1938W. Dyk Left Handed's Son of Old Man Hat 11 A Paiute girl came to our place. 1949Natural Hist. June 268/1 Major Powell..named it Tapeats Creek after a Paiute Indian in his employ. 1955W. Gaddis Recognitions ii. ii. 388 The Piute Indians followed the sun to that hole where it crawled in at the end of the earth. 1975Language LI. 797 The Southern Paiute suffix -ˈtṫṫ is restricted to true passives. |