| 释义 |
pacify, v.|ˈpæsɪfaɪ|
[a. F. pacifi-er (15th c. in Littré, OF. pacefier 1250 in Godef.), ad. L. pācificāre, f. pācific-us pacific: see -fy.]
1. trans. To allay the anger, excitement or agitation of (a person); to calm, quiet; to appease.
(In first quot. pacificie is app. an error for pacifie.)
c1460G. Ashby Dicta Philos. 841 To pacificie [orig. pacificare] your enemye, be studious, Thaugh of youre strengh & power ye be seure. 1484Caxton Fables of Alfonce viii, Thenne was the kynge wel appeased and pacyfyed. 1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. xxiv. (1870) 181, I haue money in my pooke To pacyfye the Pope, the Turke, and the Iue. 1601Shakes. Twel. N. iii. iv. 309 He will not now be pacified. 1717Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to C'tess Mar 16 Jan., Pray say something to pacify her. 1861Geo. Eliot Silas M. iii, You drain me of money till I have got nothing to pacify her with.
absol.1548Udall Erasm. Par. Luke xv. 328 Eueri vain & void pleasure of the world, which dooeth but for a shorte space pacifie.
b. To calm or appease (passion, etc.).
1528Roy Rede me (Arb.) 85 Howe be it ye do pacify The rigoure of god almighty. 1628Wither Brit. Rememb. iii. 1575 Thy selfe apply Gods just incensed wrath to pacifie. 1758Johnson Idler No. 2 ⁋4 How skilfully I can pacify resentment. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 161 If they have wronged him and he is angry, he pacifies his anger and is reconciled.
2. To bring or reduce to a state of peace; to calm, quiet:
a. strife, contention, rebellion, etc.
1494Fabyan Chron. vi. clix. 149 The which was lyke to haue turnyd the pope to great trowble, if he by polytyke & wyse meanes had not shortly pacyfyed the mater. 1563Homilies ii. Wilful Rebell. i. (1859) 560 All domesticall rebellions being suppressed and pacified. 1759Hume Hist. Eng. (1812) IV. xxix. 40 [The Emperor] in ten days arrived in Spain, where he soon pacified the tumults which had arisen in his absence.
absol.1829S. Turner Mod. Hist. Eng. III. ii. v. 171 The diet that was intended to pacify, broke up in July, leaving everything as unsettled and as discordant as before.
†b. parties at strife: to reconcile. Obs.
c1500Melusine xxxvi. 245 He dyscomfyted the Duc in batayll, and made hym to be pacyfyed with the kynge of Anssay. 1571Campion Hist. Irel. ii. i. (1633) 57 Certaine Bishops resciant there..pacified the Townesmen to their King. 1800Asiat. Ann. Reg., Misc. Tracts 107/1 Having made choice of Abubekre, who had greatly exerted himself in pacifying the two parties.
c. a country or district: to reduce to peaceful submission, to establish peace and tranquillity in.
a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 19 All the pillage almoste was restored, and the countrey pacified. 1565Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 394 To send fourtie..men of weir to the West Bordour for helping to pacifie the cuntre. 1651Hobbes Leviath. i. x. 46 Counts..were left to govern and defend places conquered, and pacified. 1899Westm. Gaz. 18 Apr. 7/1 It would take 100,000 men to pacify the islands.
d. fig. and transf. To calm, appease.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 149 b, It shall pacifye the senses, quenche euyll thoughtes. 1582T. Watson Centurie of Loue c, Poems (Arb.) 137 But somewhat more to pacyfie my minde. 1738Johnson London 197 Swift o'er the land the dismal rumour flies, And publick mournings pacify the skies. 1846Trench Mirac. iv. (1862) 147 First blaming their want of faith, and then pacifying the storm.
3. intr. To become peaceful, calm down.
1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xxxviii. (Percy Soc.) 198 My dolorous herte began to pacyfy. 1880Baring-Gould Mehalah vii. (1884) 94 She is a Pacific Ocean when not vexed with storms. She will pacify presently.
Hence ˈpacified ppl. a., ˈpacifying vbl. n. and ppl. a., ˈpacifyingly adv.
1537in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford 146 For the pacifying and determination of which variance. 1552Huloet, Pacified, delinitus. Ibid., Pacifyinge, or whyche doth pacifye, pacificatorius. a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. x. 511 A pacifying and quieting of all those riots and tumults. a1704T. Brown Pleasant Ep. Wks. 1730 I. 111 Write a few pacifying strains. a1708Beveridge Thes. Theol. II. 371 Is it not a blessed thing..to have a pacified conscience? 1843D. Jerrold Punch's Lett. xviii. Wks. 1864 III. 486 The wine..speaks pacifyingly, soothingly. |