| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈoverspend, n.
[f. the vb.]
An amount (of a budget, etc.) overspent; also, the exceeding of projected expenditure, or an instance of this. Cf. underspend n.
1976Sunday Times 6 June 62/1 On the housing deficit, a footnote to a table says ‘it is most unlikely that a real overspend of as much as half that amount is in prospect.’ 1978Daily Tel. 17 June 8/8 The possibility of an overspend in one year in five or 10 when adjusting planned spending to accord with cash limits. 1980Jrnl. R. Soc. Arts Feb. 151/1 All these schemes involve..planning on larger and larger projects leading to increased overspend. 1987Tree News Sept. 1/3 The money allotted for landscape is whittled away and used to pay for the inevitable overspend on the buildings.
▪ II. overspend, v.|ˌəʊvəˈspɛnd|
[over- 17, 13, 26, 23.]
1. a. trans. To ‘spend’ or use till no longer fit for service; to exhaust, wear out. Usually in pa. pple. overspent: Completely ‘spent’, worn out; exhausted with fatigue, tired out. arch.
a1618Raleigh Royal Navy 27 They make their Ocum..of old seere and weather-beaten ropes, when they are over⁓spent and growne..rotten. 1636Dekker Wonder of Kingd. Wks. 1873 IV. 239 Now I see th'art too farre gone, this lady hath overspent thee. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. ii. 10 Harvest Hinds o'erspent with Toil and Heat. 1877L. Morris Epic Hades ii. 110 Where ofttimes overspent I lay upon the grass.
b. In reference to the force of a storm, life, time: (in pa. pple.) Spent, at an end.
1826E. Irving Babylon II. vi. 100 Till this last storm of the terrible ones being overspent [etc.]. 1839Bailey Festus (1848) 6/2 When this vain life o'erspent Earth may some purer beings' presence bear. 1951L. MacNeice tr. Goethe's Faust 39 He backs away, gives way, the day is overspent.
2. a. To spend more than (a specified amount); to exceed in expenditure.
1667Pepys Diary 10 Apr., It is plain that we do overspend our revenue. 1895Daily News 26 Apr. 2/4 At present they were over-spending their income of 60,000l. by 9,000l. a year.
b. To spend in excess or beyond what is necessary.
1857Gen. P. Thompson Audi Alt. I. xxiv. 89 The principal argument..that what one man over-spends, some other must gain;—in short the old argument in favour of luxury.
c. refl. and intr. To spend beyond one's means.
1890Spectator 7 June, Although Italy has not overspent herself like France. 1946L. P. Hartley Sixth Heaven v. 107, I doubt if it's even wise to offer to pay half... You mustn't overspend yourself. 1953E. Simon Past Masters iii. 159 From the outset [you] overspent... The money has all gone on inessentials. 1959M. Summerton Small Wilderness xiii. 159 Money? Overspent yourselves in this place?
Hence overˈspending vbl. n. (in sense 2 of the vb.); overˈspent († overspended) ppl. a.
a1586Sidney Arcadia (1622) 241 Such whom any discontentment made hungrie of change, or an ouer-spended want, made want a ciuill warre. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) I. 66 Slowly leading their over-spent horses. 1932Ann. Reg. 1931 300 The country [sc. the U.S.A.] regrets the over-spending of the past few years. 1963Times 9 Jan. 9/2 They cover underspending less comprehensively than overspending, and without knowledge of both it is impossible to make an accurate interim assessment of trends in Government expenditure. 1976Times 20 Oct. 14/3 The borrowing requirement (a euphemism for government overspending). |