| 释义 |
▪ I. overpass, v. Now somewhat rare.|əʊvəˈpɑːs, -pæs|
Pa. tense and pple. overpassed, -past.
[f. over- 9, 10, etc. + pass v.]
I. Transitive senses, in which over- stands in prepositional relation to the object.
* Literal or physical senses.
1. To pass over, travel over, move across or along.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 228 And suþþe he ssulde mani lond over passi and wende. 1495Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. xiii. v. (W. de W.) C v b/1 The ryuer Nilus makyth the londe that he ouerpassyth be full plenteuous of corne and fruyte. 1571Golding Calvin on Ps. lxi. 2 He overpassed y⊇ distance that was betwixt him and it. 1891R. Kipling Light that Failed ii, The stream was falling and..the next few miles would be no light thing for the whale-boats to overpass.
2. To pass across, to the other side of, or beyond; to cross.
a1340Hampole Psalter xvii. 32 In my god i sall ouerpasse þe wall. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. xii. 141 The ryuers and wateres [the rain] makyth ouer-Passe har boundys. 1599Thynne Animadv. Ded. (1865) 2 He whiche hathe once ouer passed the frontiers of modestye. 1681Dryden Spanish Friar iii. 37, I stood on a wide River's bank, Which I must needs o'erpass. 1846Trench Mirac. xxiii. (1862) 342 At no time..does our Lord seem to have overpassed the limits of the Holy Land.
3. To rise above; to extend or project beyond.
a1425Cursor M. 1838 (Trin.) Þe heȝest hille..Þe flood ouer passed seuen ellen & more. 1737Bracken Farriery Impr. (1756) I. 323 If the upper overpass the under Teeth. 1938Times 16 Aug. 15/4 The stream..swelled uproariously. It did not anywhere overpass its deeply engraved channel, but raced helter-skelter and bank high to the road and the beach.
4. To pass by; to come up to or alongside of and go beyond. [over- 13.]
1530Palsgr. 649/1, I overpasse, as a man dothe..a companye that he overtaketh. 1553Eden Treat. Newe Ind. (Arb.) 38 Saylinge farre beyond this Region, and ouer⁓passinge manye countreyes..we came to another nacion.
** Figurative senses corresponding to prec.
5. a. To pass through, get through, get to the end of (a period, or an action, experience, etc.); often including the notion ‘to get through or out of successfully or safely, get over, surmount’; more rarely, to pass, spend (time). [over- 16, 17.]
a1300Cursor M. 24280 Þis ilk pine es for me dight,..Ouer⁓pas it sal i son. c1375Ibid. 26633 (Fairf.) Ouer-passe þou noȝt þe lentin-tide. c1470Henry Wallace v. 369 Wallace him herd, quhen he his slepe ourpast. 1577J. Northbrooke Dicing (1843) 44 Halfe of the year, and more, was ouer⁓passed..in loytering and vaine pastimes. 1645Marquis of Worcester in Dircks Life viii. (1865) 125 Having overpassed many rubs and difficulties. 1831Coleridge in Lit. Rem. (1838) III. 101 Having now overpassed six-sevenths of the ordinary period allotted to human life. 1876T. Hardy Ethelberta (1890) 161 It became imperative to consider how best to overpass a more general catastrophe.
†b. To pass through in one's mind. Obs.
1658J. Webb Cleopatra viii. i. 10 The faire Princesse sensible at this remembrance could not overpasse it in her spirit without sighs and sobbs.
†6. To come over or affect, as an influence, emotion, etc.; in quot. 1679, to overspread. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 8987 (Cott.) Ouer passed [Trin. Ouer⁓passed him] has þat caitiue kind, And mad king salamon al blind. 1500–20Dunbar Poems lxxiv. 18 Sic deidlie dwawmes..Ane hundrithe tymes hes my hairt ouirpast. 1679King in G. Hickes Spirit of Popery 47 The horrid Prophanity that has overpassed the whole Land.
7. a. To go (or be) beyond in amount, rate, value, excellence, etc.; to extend or lie beyond the range or scope of; to exceed, excel, transcend, surpass.
a1300Cursor M. 12707 Sent Ion, þe wangelist..All þe appostells he ouer-past. c1374Chaucer Boeth. v. pr. vi. 135 (Camb. MS.) The science of him þat ouer passeth al temperel moeuement. 1530Palsgr. 649/1, I overpasse, I excede in value or in any other thyng. 1622Malynes Anc. Law-Merch. 111 A Factor is bound to answere the losse which happeneth by ouerpassing or exceeding his Commission. 1835I. Taylor Spir. Despot. iii. 103 A generous enthusiasm..will probably overpass the necessities of the occasion. 1871Dixon Tower IV. vii. 63 He overpassed his sire in comic power.
b. To go beyond the limits or restrictions of, to transgress. [over- 12]
c1399Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 7 The werre maketh the grete citee lasse, And dothe the lawe his reules overpasse. 1450–80tr. Secreta Secret. 11 He ouyr passith the wey of trouthe, he settith at nought..goddis lawe. 1597Beard Theatre God's Judgem. (1612) 527 This neither ought nor can be done..without ouerpassing the bounds of his limited power. 1905Daily Chron. 24 Oct. 1 The Russian and Austrian agents in Uskub overpass their duties. a1973J. R. R. Tolkien Silmarillion (1977) 262 But the design of Manwë was that the Númenóreans should not..desire to overpass the limits set to their bliss.
8. a. To pass over, leave unnoticed or unmentioned, leave out, omit. Now rare. [over- 5 b.]
1382Wyclif Gen. xviii. 4 Lord, if I have foundun grace in thin eyen, overpasse thow not thi servaunt. 1494Fabyan Chron. v. lxxviii. 57 But for the names..be derke to Englysshe vnderstandynge, therfore I ouerpasse theym, and folowe the Storye. 1559Morwyng Evonym. 284 Manye other thinges which for brevities sake I overpas. 1601Holland Pliny II. 627 The bloud-stone Hæmatites..a stone that I must not ouerpasse in silence. 1779–81Johnson L.P., Dryden Wks. II. 336 The reason which he gives for printing what was never acted, cannot be overpassed. 1831Sir W. Hamilton Discuss. (1852) 233 Some lesser errors..we overpass. 1872G. M. Hopkins Let. 5 Mar. (1956) 118, I cannot tell how I have overpassed your birthday and only been recalled to it now too late by seeing the date March 3 on a letter.
†b. Of a thing: To pass by, leave unaffected, ‘escape’ (a person). Obs.
1535Coverdale Ecclus. xiv. 14 Let not y⊇ porcion of y⊇ good daie ouerpas the.
II. Intrans. senses, in which over- is adverbial.
9. To pass over, pass across or overhead.
a1340Hampole Psalter x. 1 How say ȝe til my saule, Ouerpasse in til þe hill as a sparow? c1400Rom. Rose 5343 Till whan the shadow is ouerpast. 1797Southey Triumph of Woman 288 And birds o'erpassing hear, and drop, and die. 1874F. E. Abbot Little Margaret, When the shadows overpass.
10. a. Of time, actions, experiences, etc.: To pass away, come to an end; to pass, pass by, elapse. Most often in pa. pple. = At an end, past, ‘over’.
c1325Song Deo Gratias 54 in E.E.P. (1862) 125 And sumtyme plesaunce wol ouerpas. 1494Fabyan Chron. vi. clxxxi. 179 The monkes..layde it in the churche of seynt Anyan tyll the persecucion were ouerpassed. 1514Barclay Cyt. & Uplondyshm. (Percy Soc.) p. lxxii, No day overpasseth exempt of busynes. c1592Marlowe Massacre Paris ii. vi, Come, my lords; now that this storm is overpast. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 54 Afterwards the furie of the people overpassed. 1874H. R. Reynolds John Bapt. ii. 91 The strange eclipse of His beams is overpassed. 1895Edin. Rev. July 162 The crisis was virtually overpast.
†b. To ‘pass’, take place, happen. Obs. rare.
1530Palsgr. 382 The partyculer actes & cyrcumstances whiche overpassed in the meane whyle.
†11. To exceed, go to excess; to be in excess, be over. Obs.
c1400tr. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh. 67 Who so ouerpassys yn ful or voyd, yn slepynge or wakynge,..he mowe noght eschewe maladyes. 1530Palsgr. 649/1, I overpasse, I remayne besydes the juste nombre and quantyte..je surabonde. This somme is nat just yet for this overpasseth.
†12. To pass or remain unnoticed, to be let alone or omitted; chiefly in phr. to let it overpass = to let it pass, take no notice of it (= sense 8).
c1350Will. Palerne 4113, I leued hire þan lelly and lett it ouer-pase. c1400Destr. Troy 5084 Laghe at it lightly and let it ouer pas. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. lxxxv. [lxxxi.] 254 Thynke you yt y⊇ frensshe kynge wyl suffre yt matter thus to ouerpas? a1575Wife lapped Morrelles Skin 695 in Hazl. E.P.P. IV. 208 O, good wife, cease and let this ouerpasse.
Hence overˈpassed, -past ppl. a., that has come to an end, past; overˈpassing vbl. n., a passing over or across, excess, etc.; overˈpassing ppl. a., surpassing; poet. as adv. exceedingly, ‘passing’.
c1340Hampole Prose Tr. (1866) 38 To behalde þe vertus and þe ouer-passande grace of þe saule of Ihesu. 1382Wyclif Obad. i. 19 And transmygracioun, or ouer passynge. 1552Huloet, Ouerpassynge, transcursus. 1582T. Watson Cent. Loue xcviii. Argt., The present title of his ouerpassed Loue. 1865Mill Auguste Comte 14 He deemed all real knowledge of a commencement inaccessible to us, and the inquiry into it an overpassing of the essential limits of our mental faculties. 1898S. Evans Holy Graal 107 So overpassing rich was it.
▪ II. ˈoverpass, n. orig. U.S.
Also over-pass.
[over- 1 d.]
A raised stretch of road or railway line that passes over another road or railway line; = fly-over 1. Also attrib.
1929Amer. City Oct. 104/2 In certain cases where the construction of under- or over-passes cannot be avoided..my system simplifies them to an astonishing extent. 1933[see clover-leaf s.v. clover n. 4]. 1938Sun (Baltimore) 31 Aug. 7/3 Overpasses were built in both communities after years of agitation and numbers of serious crossing accidents. 1952[see expressway]. 1959Daily Tel. 9 Nov. 1/1 But they refused to allow a car, scooter or even a bicycle to be pushed on these overpass roads. 1964L. Deighton Funeral in Berlin li. 313 Dominating the whole scene is the gleaming stone pillar of the Cenotaph like the freshly-built leg of a new overpass. 1969New Scientist 17 Apr. 105/1 A major earthquake would..cause the over⁓passes into the city to collapse. 1973H. Nielsen Severed Key i. 11 The traffic lanes leading away from the airport were packed. Once over the overpass, Keith made a sharp right turn. 1974Anderson (S. Carolina) Independent 23 Apr. 3A/5 A 180-foot overpass over Clinchfield railroad tracks on secondary road 126 in Spartanburg went to Dickerson, Inc., of Monroe N.C., which entered a low bid of $335,360. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 5 June 1/1 As you top an overpass, your eyes are drawn to a red, white, and blue water tower on the horizon. |