| 释义 |
outrider|ˈaʊtˌraɪdə(r)|
[out- 8.]
One who rides out or forth.
†1. An officer of the sheriff's court whose duties included collecting dues, delivering summonses, etc.
1340Act 14 Edw. III, c. 9 Et que per tieux baillifs & hundreders, et lour soutzbaillifs, le Roi & le poeple soient serviz, en oustant pur touz jours toux les outriders & autres qui en divers Countees avant ces hures notoriement ont destruit le poeple. 1406Rolls Parl. III. 598/1 Plusours Visconts..les ditz amerciaments levent par lour Ministres appellez Outryders. c1460Towneley Myst. xx. 26 Bot all fals indytars, Quest mangers and Iurers, And all thise fals out rydars. 1607Cowell Interpr., Owtryders, seeme to be none other but bayliffe errants, employed by the Shyreeues or their fermers, to ride to the fardest places of their counties or hundreds, with the more speede to summon to their county or hundred courts. [So 1706 in Phillips, 1848 in Wharton.]
2.
†a. An officer of an abbey or convent, whose duty it was to attend to the external domestic requirements of the community, esp. to look after the manors belonging to it. Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxx. (Theodera) 424 Þai ordenyt hyr þare out-rydere, Þar witale so þe house to by. c1386Chaucer Prol. 166 A Monk ther was a fair for the maistrie An outridere that louede venerie [cf. Shipman's T. 65]. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. v. 116 Til..religious out-ryders reclused in here cloistres. 1526in Visitat. Norwich (Camden) 214 (Abbey St. Benet's, Hulme) Dompnus Willelmus Hornyng, oute-rider. 1532Ibid. 279 Dominus Ricardus Norwych, owte-ryder.
b. spec. A fellow of New College, Oxford, accompanying the Warden on an official visitation of the estates of the college. Hence outˈridership.
1901Rashdall & Rait New College, Oxf. 187 The out⁓ridership..was claimed by two Fellows,..who both wanted to accompany the Warden on progress. Ibid. 251 The Warden (or Sub-warden) accompanied by a Fellow known as ‘Out-rider’..and the Steward, visit the farms on some part of the College estates. 1952A. H. Smith New College, Oxf. iii. 47 An out-rider is still appointed each year to go with the warden on his summer progress around the estates.
†3.
a. A forager of an army.
b. A highwayman.
1581Savile Tacitus, Hist. iv. l. (1591) 207 The cohorts..recouered all the spoile, saue onely that which certaine out⁓riders had caryed further into the cuntrey. 1598R. Grenewey Tacitus, Ann. iv. vi. (1622) 97 The out-riders and forragers were conducted by certaine chosen Moores. 1600Heywood 1st Pt. Edw. IV, iii. i. Wks. 1874 I. 43, I feare thou art some outrider that liues by taking of purses here, on Bassets Heath. 1625K. Long tr. Barclay's Argenis i. i. 4 Some outriders of Lycogenes his campe, which..lay in wait for any passengers.
4. A commercial traveller; a tradesman's travelling agent. dial.
1762Misc. Ess. in Ann. Reg. 205 When the humble out⁓rider astride his saddle-bags, goes his rounds for fresh orders, to dealers and chapmen in the country. 1785J. Trusler Mod. Times I. 19 An outrider to a tradesman in London. 1814Marshall Rev. IV. 220 (E.D.D.) Mr. M. was some years out-rider and clerk to Mr. W. 1901N. & Q. s. 9 VIII. 462/1.
5. A mounted attendant who rides in advance of or beside a carriage; spec. an escort mounted on a motor-cycle. Also fig.
1530Palsgr. 250/2 Outryder, auant courreur. 1791F. Burney Diary 2 Aug., We saw a very handsome coach, and four horses, followed by..outriders, stop at the gate. 1801Ann. Reg. 13 She set off for Brighton with four horses and out-riders. 1851H. Melville Moby Dick II. 164 Sharks also are the invariable outriders of all slave ships crossing the Atlantic. 1860A. A. Procter Sailor Boy iii, Outriders first, in pomp and state, Pranced on their horses through the gate. 1869Blackmore Lorna D. vii, There were..light outriders of pithy weed. 1939Sun (Baltimore) 25 Aug. 6/4 A motor⁓cycle out rider was killed in Vermont while escorting a troop train. 1957Economist 21 Sept. 912/2 The panoply of police cars, blue lights and motorised outriders with which the Chancellor chooses to move about. 1971Daily Tel. 9 Aug. 11/4 We were given the full VIP treatment, including an escort of police motor-cycle outriders all the way from Boulogne to Le Touquet. 1975T. Allbeury Special Collection xiii. 86 Under his chin were all tell⁓tale outriders of a dewlap. 1977Belfast Tel. 22 Feb. 5/5 The Belfast councillors were driven through Dublin's streets in a convoy, with Gardai motorcycle outriders halting traffic so the entourage could travel speedily.
6. U.S. A mounted herdsman who prevents cattle from straying beyond a certain limit (see also quot. 1872).
1872Kansas Magazine 319/2 Where the grower does not drive his own stock to market, the buying and driving is done by a class of speculators known in Texas as ‘outriders’. 1874J. G. McCoy Hist. Sk. Cattle Trade 348 [The] trail escapes the vigilant eye and Indian cunning and proficiency of the herdsman or outrider. 1907S. E. White Arizona Nights i. vi. 117 We saw..the whole herd and the outriders and the mesas far away. 1939P. A. Rollins Gone Haywire 230 Cowboys, patrolling as ‘out⁓riders’ and ‘line riders’, had always to keep an eye on them. 1968R. F. Adams Western Words (rev. ed.) 214/2 Outrider, a cowboy who rides about the range to keep a sharp lookout for anything that might happen to the detriment of his employer; also called range rider.
7. U.S. A mounted official who escorts racehorses to the starting post.
1947Sun (Baltimore) 8 Nov. 11/4 Them outriders ought to get extra pay for steeplechases. 1961Atkinson & Freeman All the Way! iv. 50 The outriders in their red hunting coats also accompany the field. Years ago there was only one..but today there are three at several of the major tracks. Ibid., One outrider stands just to the outside in front of the gate, one takes a position outside the gap, three-sixteenths down the track, and the third remains behind the gate. 1968M. T. Malloy Racing Today 42/1 A couple of other horses meanwhile may be running away with their jockeys hanging on for dear life, and with the track's red-coated outriders in hot pursuit.
8. Canad. ‘In a chuckwagon race,..one of the four riders who load the wagon, direct the horses during the starting turns, and gallop with the outfit to the finish line’ (Dict. Canad.).
1955W. G. Hardy Alberta Golden Jubilee Anthol. 169 There are four outriders to each of the four outfits in every heat. When the starting-horn blows, one outrider holds back the team of horses fighting to be on its way. Another throws the stove in the rear of the chuckwagon. The remaining two pitch the flies and poles into the covered wagon. 1958Encycl. Canadiana IX. 393 A new feature introduced in the 1923 [Calgary] stampede was the chuckwagon race... Each wagon is pulled by a four-horse team..and each has its outriders. 1964Albertan (Calgary) 7 July 1/2 Three crack-ups..saw all drivers, outriders and horses come out unscathed. |