| 释义 |
orthography|ɔːˈθɒgrəfɪ|
Forms: 5–7 orto-, 6– ortho-, 5–6 -grafy(e, 6 -graphye, 6–7 -graphie, 6– -graphy, (7 ortagriphie, authography).
[a. OF. ortografie (13th c.), later ortographie, mod.F. orthographie (16th c. in Littré), ad. L. orthographia (Suet.), a. Gr. ὀρθογραϕία, n. of quality f. ὀρθογράϕ-ος writing correctly, a correct writer, orthographer, f. ὀρθό-ς + -γράϕος that writes, writer: see -graphy. The earlier pronunciation, as in Fr., is shown by the spelling orto-.]
1. a. Correct or proper spelling; spelling according to accepted usage; the way in which words are conventionally written. (By extension) Any mode or system of spelling.
c1450Cov. Myst. xx. (Shaks. Soc.) 189 Loke what scyens ȝe kan devyse, Of redynge, wrytynge, and trewe ortografye. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. v. (Percy Soc.) 22 In all good ordre to speke directly, And for to wryte by true ortografy. 1530Palsgr. Introd. 16 For kepyng of trewe orthographie. 1573J. Tyrie in Cath. Tract. (S.T.S.) 11/2 We keip his awin wordis and orthographie. 1582Stanyhurst æneis Pref. (Arb.) 13 Althogh thee ignorant pronounce Impératiue, Cosmógraphie, Ortógraphy, geeuing the accent too thee therd syllable, yeet that is not thee true English pronuntiation. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. v. i. 22 Such rackers of ortagriphie, as to speake dout sine [B], when he should say doubt. 1631Weever Anc. Fun. Mon. 803 In our later English Ortography (I know not with reason) some write it Whore. 1645Milton Colast. Wks. (1851) 346 If these Greek Orthographies were of his licencing; the boyes at School might reck'n with him at his Grammar. 1750Chesterfield Lett. (1774) III. 80, I come now to..the orthography, if I may call bad spelling orthography. 1824J. Johnson Typogr. I. 540 The singular orthography used in the foregoing legend. 1873Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (ed. 2) §187 When we use the word ‘orthography’, we do not mean a mode of spelling which is true to the pronunciation, but one which is conventionally correct.
b. That part of grammar which treats of the nature and values of letters and of their combination to express sounds and words; the subject of spelling.
1588W. Kempe Educ. Children sig. F 3v Orthographie..teacheth with what letters euery syllable and word must be written, and with what points the sentence and parts thereof must be distinguished... Which expressing and skill of the hand, belongeth properly to the Arte of Painting, and not vnto Grammar. 1616Bullokar Eng. Expos., Orthographie, the art of writing words truely; as sonne of man, with an o: sunne that shineth, with the vowell v. a1619M. Fotherby Atheom. ii. xiii. §1 (1622) 348 Orthographie, the second part of Grammer, teaching the Arte of writing. 1824L. Murray Eng. Gram. (ed. 5) I. 26 Orthography teaches the nature and powers of letters, and the just method of spelling words.
¶c. app. an error of some kind for orthographer.
1599Shakes. Much Ado ii. iii. 21 Now is he turn'd orthography [Qo. ortography] his words are a very fantasticall banquet, iust so many strange dishes [Rowe (1714) read orthographer; Capell (1767) conjectured orthographist].
2. a. Orthographic projection. b. A representation in orthographic projection or section; a vertical elevation.
1645N. Stone Enchirid. Fortification 6 Orthographie or Profile. 1664Evelyn Architects & Architect. (R.), Orthography, or the erect elevation of the same in face or front, describ'd in measure upon the former idea, where all the horizontal lines are parallels. 1683Lond. Gaz. No. 1820/4 Mr. John Spilberg has finished the Banqueting-house in Whitehal in Ortography, for the sole Printing and Publishing whereof,..His Majesty has been pleased to grant him his Royal License. 1772C. Hutton Bridges 95 Orthography, the elevation..or front view as seen at an infinite distance. 1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 589 Orthography, an elevation, showing all the parts of a building in true proportion. |