| 释义 |
▪ I. appease, v.|əˈpiːz|
Forms: 4–5 apese, -ayse, 5 -aise, -eise, -ees(e, 5–6 -ease, (6 apeace); 5–6 appese, 5–7 -aise, 6 -ayse, -ayze, 5– appease. See aphet. pease.
[a. OFr. apese-r, apaisie-r, apeisie-r (mod. apaiser) to bring to peace, f. à to + pais, peis, pes (mod. paix):—L. pāc-em peace. Apaisier was thus a later formation from the same elements as apaier:—L. adpācāre (see apay), with a more literal sense. Already in 14th c. aphetized as pese. In 15th c. refashioned as app-, and in spelling reform of 16th c. written appease. A form apeace, assimilated to peace, occurs in 16th c.]
1. a. To bring to peace, pacify, quiet, or settle (strife or disorder).
1330R. Brunne Chron. 245 Sir Edward gos to Gascoyn forto apese. 1400Ld. Grey in Ellis Orig. Lett. ii. i. I. 3 To apees the misgouernance and the riote. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. lxi. 207 Praying hym to apease the matter with y⊇ kynge of Aragon. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. i. vii. §26 [Julius Cæsar] could with one word appease a mutiny in his army. 1722De Foe Mem. Cavaliers (1840) 16 [She] appeased this tumult..by her prudence. 1872Yeats Growth Comm. 154 To appease their continual feuds. 1920W. S. Churchill Let. 24 Mar. in World Crisis: Aftermath (1929) xvii. 378, I should be prepared to make peace with Soviet Russia on the best terms available to appease the general situation.
b. To bring to peace, calm, or quiet (persons at strife or in disorder). Also fig. Obs. exc. as in 4 b.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 3212 Betwene hem wente kyng Sortybron ? & a-paysede hem. 1491Caxton Vitas Patr. (W. de W.) i. vii. 11 b/2 Moued by charyte..tacorde & appese them togider. 1582N. T. (Rhem.) Acts xix. 35 When the Scribe had appeased the multitudes. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1638) 53 Busied in appeasing..the disordred city. 1774J. Bryant Mythol. II. 317 To appease the troubled ocean.
2. a. To pacify, assuage, or allay (anger or displeasure). Also fig.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. iv. vii. 148 Hercules..apaised[e] wiþ þat deeþ þe wraþþe of euander. a1450Knt. de la Tour 13 Forto apese the wrathe of God..thei fasted. 1534Ld. Berners Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. Ff viij, The iuste goddis neuer appease theyr yres agaynst vniuste men. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. ix. 9 These two kids t'appease his angry mood, I bear. 1750Johnson Rambl. No. 79 ⁋5 To appease enmity by blandishments and bribes. 1846Ruskin Mod. Paint. IV. v. vi. §9 By the mists..his [the sun's] implacable light is divided, and its separated fierceness appeased into the soft blue.
b. To pacify or propitiate (him who is angry).
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 22 Ye fers Mars apesyn of his yre. c1450Merlin xxvi. 501 Thus apeesed the Queen Sir Gawein. 1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 187/2 Christe..hath once appeased God his father toward vs. 1667Milton P.L. v. 846 Hasten to appease The incensed Father, and the incensed Son. 1762Goldsm. Cit. W. xlix, This well-timed compliment instantly appeased the angry fairy. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 244 The king was silenced, but not appeased.
c. Politics. In derog. sense (cf. sense 2 a, quot. 1750), used esp. of the British Prime Minister's efforts from 1937 to 1939 to placate, and so stave off the threatened aggression of, the Axis powers: to engage in a policy of appeasement (see appeasement).
1939Ann. Reg. 1938 104 So far were they from trying to ‘appease’ the Dictators that they might rather be described as ‘facing up’ to them. 1940War Illustr. 16 Feb. 106/3 If at any time..there are signs of a renewed desire for appeasement, let the fate of the Polish people remind us of the power we wish to appease. 1940New Statesman 21 Dec. 650/1 He took a different view of the Nazis, whom he thought we could successfully appease. 1940New Republic 23 Dec. 852/2 While England is appeasing Franco in this strictly limited sense, Franco is certainly not appeasing world opinion.
3. To assuage, soothe, allay, or relieve:
a. physical pain (obs.) or mental suffering.
c1374Chaucer Compl. Mars 10 Apeseth [v.r. appeseth, -ease, -eesiþe, -esith, apaysith] sumwhat of your sorowes smart. c1420Pallad. on Husb. iv. 448 In the wynter season Covert of stre thaire coldes must appeson. 1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. ii. iv. 19 To appayse the payne of all apostemes. 1706Addison Rosamond iii. iii, Fain would my tongue his griefs appease. 1828Hawthorne Fanshawe v. (1879) 78, I pray you to appease your anxiety.
†b. the sufferer or part affected. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 887 Berith hym this blew ring, For ther is nothing might..better his hert apese. 1413Lydg. Pylgr. Sowle iv. i. (1483) 58 Solace..wherwith to appesen his herte. 1566Painter Pal. Pleas. I. Pref. 11 The sicke [shall be] appaysed of griefe.
4. To pacify, by satisfying demands (lit. or fig.):
a. complaints (obs.), cravings, appetites, prejudices.
1548Coverdale Erasm. Par. 1 Cor. xi. 25 To apease mennes bodyly thruste. 1596Spenser F.Q. i. iii. 29 Now then your plaint appease. 1783Johnson Lett. 329 II. 330 To have no assistance..in resolving doubts, in appeasing scruples. 1863Burton Bk. Hunter 42 The savage who seeks but to appease the hunger of the moment.
b. the person who makes the demand or has the appetite. Const. with.
1561T. N[orton] Calvin's Inst. Pref., He hymselfe was appeased with a cardinalls hatte. 1728Newton Chronol. Amended ii. 223 Bacchus appeased him [Vulcan] with wine. 1833H. Martineau Berkeley i. iii. 60 What did you do to appease these insolent fellows?
†5. refl. in prec. senses. Obs.
c1386Chaucer Melib. ⁋895 Whan he is debonaire and meeke, and appesith [apeiseth, -aiseth] him lightly. 1485Caxton Paris & V. 47 She appeased hyr self. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. vii. 6 Fayre suster appease your selfe.
†6. intr. in prec. senses. Obs.
c1440Partonope 3986 Hys hert somwat ganne apese. c1500Colyn Blowbol's Test. in Halliwell Nugæ Poet. 2 Whan his angwyssh somwhat gan apese. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. xcii. 114 The thirde day..the see apeased. 1561T. N[orton] Calvin's Inst. i. 18 After the crueltie appeased.
▪ II. † aˈppease, n. Obs. rare.
[f. prec. vb.]
An appeasing, allaying; appeasement.
c1330Arth. & Merl. 2342 Tho thai were al at aise Ich went to his in apaise. 1667Waterhouse Fire Lond. 59 The engines of raising water [were] so destroyed, that there was no suitable appease to it. |