| 释义 |
▪ I. ordain, v.|ɔːˈdeɪn|
Forms: 3 orden-i, 3–7 ordeine, ordeyne, (3–4 hordeyne); 4–5 ordeigne, -eygne, orden, -an, -yne, 4–6 ordene, 4–7 ordein, -eyn, -ayn(e, -aine, -ine; 4– ordain, (5 wordeyn(e, horden, 6 ordenne).
[a. OF. ordene-r (3rd sing. ordeine, -daine, -deigne), later ordone-r, mod.F. ordonner, AFr. ordeiner, -deigner, ad. L. ordinā-re, f. ordo, ordin-em order. Originally the stress was on first syllable (from OF. infin. ˌordeˈner) but at length was fixed on the second (as in OF. orˈdeine). A ME. form ordonne, after later Fr., is rare.]
I. To put in order, arrange, make ready, prepare.
†1. trans. To arrange in rows or ranks, or other regular order; esp. to draw up in order of battle; to set in array; to array, marshal, order. Obs.
c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 72 He liet ordeinie is fierd wel. 13..K. Alis. 2024 Let arme the Affrigauns,..And al thyn ost ordeyn anone. 1375Barbour Bruce xi. 304 Thair four battalis ordanit thai. Ibid. 351 [Bruce] ordanit his men for the fechting. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 375 [The] ledere of þe Sampnites..hadde i-ordeyned his oost bysides Fucule Caudynes. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop iii. iv, Whanne the batylle was ordeyned on bothe sydes. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. xli. 23 b/2 The frenchemen ordayned thre great batayls; in eche of them fyftene thousand men of armes .xx. M. men a fote. 1581Styward Mart. Discipl. ii. 134 In what manner thy men are to bee ordeined and placed.
†2. To set in proper order or position; to arrange; to keep in due order; to regulate, govern, direct, manage, conduct. Obs.
c1300Beket (Percy Soc.) 144 He ordeyned wel his hous, and his meyné also. 1390Gower Conf. III. 184 Richesse upon the comun good And noght upon the singuler Ordeigned was. c1400Rule St. Benet 1676 Þat euer-ilkon in þer degre Be ordand als þam aw to be. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 216 Al bodely thyngis be gouernyd and ordaynyd by the Planetes and Sterris. 1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye 270 Resonably ordenynge all her wordes and warkes to the worshyp of god. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon xxiv. 511 Whan they had sported theymselfe ynough they ordened the watche.
†3. To settle the order or course of; to arrange.
a1300Cursor M. 8202 To-quils wald he mak him bun At [v.r. to] ordain þar procession. c1470Henry Wallace ix. 895 His assailȝe he ordannys wondyr sayr Ws for to harm. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. 468 Whiche voyage had ben ordayning & imagenynge thre yere before. 1681Dryden Abs. & Achit. 729 Who now begins his progress to ordain With Chariots, Horsemen, and a num'rous Train.
4. To set up (something) to continue in a certain order; to establish or found by ordinance; to institute. arch.
c1315Shoreham 151 Here hys o justyse..dampneth theves for to ordeyne Peys in londe. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) IV. 101 Þis pleyes þat were i-cleped Ludy scenici were first i-ordeyned by excitinge of þe devel. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 193 Thereas Seint benet ordeyned the monken rull, and Seinte Austeyn chanoun Rull in erth. 1477Earl Rivers (Caxton) Dictes 66 There he ordeigned ij scoles. 1482Monk of Evesham (Arb.) 81 He hordende there an hospitalle for pilgrimmys. 1584D. Powel Lloyd's Cambria 53 Ordeining three sorts of lawes. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. v. 45 Daphnis did rites to Bacchus first ordain.
†5. To plan, devise, contrive. Obs.
a. a material structure.
1340Ayenb. 7 Ine þe zix dayes..ine huichen he made the worlde an ordaynede [v.r. diȝte]. 13..Cursor M. 8311 (Gött.) Suilke a werke..þu sal it ordaine in þi thoght, Thoru salamon it sal be wroght. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xix. 315 Ordeigne þe an hous, Piers, to herberwe in þi cornes. a1400–50Alexander 3680 Of Euor & of Olifants was ordand þe ȝatis. 1481Caxton Reynard xxxii. (Arb.) 89 Alle this..was made & wrought in this glasse. The maister that ordeyned it was a connyng man. 1526Tindale Mark xii. 1 A certayne man planted a vyne yarde..and ordeyned a wyne presse, and bilt a toure.
b. something immaterial or abstract.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 141 Fayn I wild purueie for Acres, þat cite Ordeyned wer som weie, how it mot saued be. 1390Gower Conf. III. 43 What lust it is that he ordeigneth. c1440Generydes 10 What pleasure he cowde for her ordeyne, That shuld be do. 1485Caxton Paris & V. 53 And anone ordeyned two letters.
c. with clause or infinitive.
c1400Gamelyn 798 Ordeigne how it shal be & it shal be do. 1450–80tr. Secreta Secret. 38 If thou maiste not reve hem her watir, loke that thou ordeyne forto envenyme it. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxiii. 199 They caste and ordeyned both by nyght and day how they myght breng hym out of prison.
†6. To put in order (for a purpose); to prepare, make ready, equip; to furnish, provide. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 626 Engynys alsua for till Cast Thai ordanit and maid redy fast. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxiii. 106 Þis hall es nobilly and wirschefully araid and ordaynd in all thinges... Vp at þe hie deesse..es ordained þe trone for þe emperour. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 325 Agane the morne airly He ordanit him ane laid. 1500–20Dunbar Poems lxxii. 242 Ordane for Him ane resting-place, That is so werie wrocht for the. 1535Coverdale Ps. vii. 13 He hath..ordened his arowes to destroye. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 74 Chimnayes, Ranges, and suche instrumentes that there was ordained.
†b. To fit out, equip, or furnish (a person, etc.) with (in, of) something. Obs.
c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 26 To take from hem cause of her synne, and ordeyne þe Churche in temporal goodis. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 5 But þe mercy of God had i-ordyned vs of lettres. c1400Three Kings Cologne 39 Þan þei ordeyned hem anoon wiþ greete and riche ȝiftis. c1450Lonelich Grail xliv. 399 The Castel with-Inne wel Ordeyned was Of Men of strengthes In Every plas. 1548Bodrugan (Adams) Epit. King's Title H j, Nature..ordeined all beastes with some natural municion, as horne, spurre, tothe or naile.
†7. To put into a particular mental condition or disposition, esp. into a right or fitting frame of mind; to dispose (aright). Obs.
1340Ayenb. 24 Þe uirtues of kende, huerby som ys kendeliche more þanne oþer,..oþer graciouser, oþer atempre and wel y-ordayned. Ibid. 125 Þise þri uirtues armeþ an[d] ordayneþ and agrayþeþ man ase to þri deles of þe herte. 1380Lay Folks Catech. (Lamb. MS.) 956 Yf þou wilt ordeyne þy wil to haue for-ȝefnesse. 1502Ord. Crysten Men (W. de W. 1506) ii. xv. 122 In accomplysshynge these thre commaundementes we be ordeyned towarde all the blessyd trynyte. Ibid. 123 By these .vii. y⊇ last commaundementes we be perfytely and iustely ordeyned ayenst our neyghboures.
†8. refl. To prepare oneself, make ready; to set or apply oneself (to do something). Obs.
13..Seuyn Sag. (W.) 2790 And bad tham fast..Ordain tham vnto batayl. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. x. 242 Austin..hym-self ordeyned to sadde vs in bileue. a1425Cursor M. 20403 (Trin.) Oure lady..ordeyneþ hir to fare vs fro. 1493Festivall (W. de W. 1515) 78 Afterwarde he ordeyned hymself & went into the holy londe.
†9. intr. To make preparation, prepare, arrange.
c1350Will. Palerne 4848 Þe clerk..fond..how þe king of poyle prestli hade ordeyned, at swich a certayn day his semliche douȝter wedde. 1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 259 Valter steward..He left in berwik..And ordanit fast for Apparaill, Till defend gif men vald assaill. 1470–85Malory Arthur i. xxvii, Doubte ye not he wille make warre on you..wel said Arthur I shall ordeyne for hym in short tyme. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. viii. 6 Than the quene..ordeyned for her voyage, and made her purueyaunce. a1533― Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. (1546) E v b, Wyse men ought..to ordein for that that is present.
II. To appoint, decree, destine, order.
†10. trans. To appoint (a person, etc.) to a charge, duty, or office. (With the official name or position as simple object or complement.) Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 11403 At þe last þai ordeind tuelue,..And did þam in a montain dern Desselic to wait þe stern. 13..Coer de L. 239 He let ordeyne, aftyr hys endynge, His sone Rychard to be kyng. c1386Chaucer Sqr.'s T. 169 With certeine officers ordeyned [v.r. yordeyned] therfore. 1464Rolls of Parlt. V. 532/2 Our Lettres Patentes..by the which we ordande the same John to be Clerk of the then Sheref. 1549Latimer Ploughers (Arb.) 26 Wherefore are magistrates ordayned, but that the tranquillitie of the commune weale maye be confirmed. 1568Grafton Chron. I. 93 According to promess made, he was ordeyned king. a1645Habington Surv. Worcs. in Worcs. Hist. Soc. Proc. i. 49 The curate of thys chappell is ordeygned by the Vicar of St. Andrewes in Pearshore. 1652Needham tr. Selden's Mare Cl. 103 An Officer was ordained for that purpose. 1809Will of J. Kellett in Dow Rep. (1816) III. 250 And I also ordain, appoint, and devise the said..W.K.,..G.H., and F.H.H., executors to this my last will and testament.
†b. Const. to do something; to (on, upon) some office, etc. Obs.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 12531 He ordeynd messegers to wende, To þe Emperour. 1382Wyclif Matt. xxiv. 47 Vpon [1388 on] alle his goodis he shal ordeyne hym. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VIII. 19 He was y-ordeyned to þe service of oþere men. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) vii. 25 Certayne persones er ordaynd to kepe þat ilke hous. 1535Coverdale Josh. Contents iii, The Leuites are ordeyned to go before with the Arke. 1676Hobbes Iliad i. 308 Two publick servants of the king were these Ordained to carry his commandments.
11. Eccl. To appoint or admit to the ministry of the Christian Church; to invest with a ministerial or sacerdotal character by the laying on of hands or other symbolic action; to confer holy orders upon. Formerly, and still in a general sense, used of any sacred office, including that of bishop, but now, in the Ch. of England, used esp. of admission to the orders of deacon and priest; in other churches, of ceremonial admission to the ministry; in Presbyterian churches, lay elders also are ordained.
c1290Beket 336 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 116 He was in grete fere, For-to Ordeinen ani Man: bote he þe betere were. a1300Cursor M. 21246 Men sais þat of his thumb he smate..þat he ne preist suld ordeind be. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) IV. 347 Þat ȝere about Pentecoste.. þe apostles ordeyned þe lasse Iames..bisshopp of Ierusalem. 1588J. Udall Demonstr. Discipl. (Arb.) 20 The Apostles ordayned bishops euery where. 1638Chillingw. Relig. Prot. ii. §109 He cannot be a true Pope, unless he were rightly ordained Priest. 1641Milton Ch. Govt. i. iv. Wks. (1847) 34/1 The pope is not made by the precedent pope, but by cardinals, who ordain and consecrate to a higher and greater office than their own. 1718Freethinker No. 93 ⁋6, I am a young Clergyman, Ordained the very Last Ember-Week. 1782Priestley Corrupt. Chr. II. x. 227 They were..ordained to their office by prayer. 1845H. J. Rose in Encycl. Metrop. (1847) II. 884/1 It is shown..that the Apostles did ordain ministers by the imposition of hands, and did give them authority to ordain others. 1861Stanley East. Ch. v. 187 Melitius was to retain his title and rank but not to ordain. 1870Arnot Life Jas. Hamilton iv. 168 He was ordained as minister of Roxburgh Church by the Presbytery of Edinburgh on the 21st Jany. 1841.
†12. To appoint or assign (to or for a special purpose, etc.). Obs.
1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 854 Þe satyrday ys specyaly Ordeynede to wurschyp oure ladye. 1390Gower Conf. III. 265 The king, which herde..How that this Maide ordeigned is To Mariage. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xiii. 58 In steed of messangers..þai ordayne dowfes for to bere lettres. 1541R. Copland Galyen's Terapeut. 2 H ij b, All medicamentes..ordeyned to the vlcere of the Thorax. 1584Cogan Haven Health clxxvi. (1636) 159 One halfe of the yeare is ordeyned to eat fish in. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. x. 319 Of the quhilkes horsses he ordaynet for the Erle ane. a1618Raleigh Mahomet (1637) 19 That day was ordayned by him to be their Sabbaoth.
†b. To assign (to any one) as a share, portion, or allowance; to allot. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 298 And till gret lordis, ilkane syndri, Ordanit ane felde for thar herbry. 1483Caxton G. de la Tour H v b, Of suche goodes..ye must ordeyne and departe to the poure folke a parte of them. 1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 36 Preamble, Londes..of the yerely value of M1 marc̃ ordeyned to her by the last Will of the same late Duke. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. i. 106 To thame for thair trauel publiklie is ordayned thair sustentatione, steddings directed, houses appoynted.
13. Of the Deity, fate, or supernatural power: To appoint as part of the order of the universe or of nature; to decree, predestine, destine.
a1300Cursor M. 285 (Cott.) Þat he ordaind [Gött. ordained, Fairf. ordenet, Trin. ordeyned] wit his witte He multiplis and gouerns itte, Þerfor is he cald trinite. 1393Langl., P. Pl. C. iv. 241 As hus werdes were ordeined by wil of oure lorde. 1450–80tr. Secreta Secret. 16 God suffrith the planetis forto make and holde her cours in the rewle and ordir as he ordeynyd hem. 1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 57 So Gods ordayned thee chaunce. 1611Bible Isa. xxvi. 12 Lord, thou wilt ordaine peace for vs. 1700Dryden Pal. & Arc. iii. 964 And laurels, which the gods for conquering chiefs ordain. 1792in Anecd. Pitt III. xliv. 205 It is your duty..if fate should so ordain it. 1865Lightfoot Galatians (1874) 165/2 The moment..which God had ordained from the beginning.
b. With obj. clause, or inf. or other compl.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 68 If it so betide, That God haf ordeynd so I after him abide. 13..Cursor M. 1198 (Gött.) Vr lauerd had ordained ȝeit A child to rise in his ospringe. c1400Apol. Loll. 25 God wordeyniþ him for þis synne to be putte to peyn, and out of comyn. 1477Earl Rivers (Caxton) Dictes 1 Borne & ordeigned to be subgette and thral. c1560A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) xxx. 45 As grund is ordand to beir seid. 1667Milton P.L. viii. 297 Rise First Man, of Men innumerable ordain'd First Father. 1728Young Love Fame ii. 264 But fate ordains that dearest friends must part. 1837Lytton E. Maltrav. i. xvi, He goes with us in the path we are ordained to tread.
†c. To destine to a lot or fate. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 23745 To trauail ordeint is þis liue. c1340Hampole Prose Tr. 12 Men and wymmene þat er ordaynede to þe joye of heuene. 1482Monk of Evesham (Arb.) 36 The doers of al synnes ordente to dyuers kyndes of peynes. 1508Kennedy Flyting w. Dunbar 508 Tak the a fidill, or a floyt and geste, Wndought, thou art ordanyt to not ellis.
d. absol. or intr.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 7632 Ilk ane þair course obout ay mase..als God ordaynd hase. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 7 As grace list to ordeyne, Upon his heede to were crownys tweyne. 1700Dryden Pal. & Arc. ii. 360 But Love, their lord, did otherwise ordain. 1855Kingsley Heroes, Perseus i. 2 So the Gods have ordained, and it will surely come to pass.
14. To appoint authoritatively as a thing to be observed; to decree, to enact.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3025 After viftene dawes þat he adde y-ordeined þis To Londone he wende uor to amende þat þer was amys. 1389in Eng. Gilds (1870) 9 These ben þe poyntes & þe articles ordeigned of the brotherheed of seint ffabian and sebastian. c1400Sowdone Bab. 615 He ordeyned assaute anone in haste. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 110 He also ordeyned auriculer confession. 1654Bramhall Just Vind. iii. (1661) 41 Fisher Bishop of Rochester, and Sir Thomas Moor..in prison..for opposing the Kings Marriage, and the succession of his Children to the Crown, after it was ordained in Parliament. 1710Prideaux Orig. Tithes iii. 152 The Canons of Egbert..ordain the same thing. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) III. 229 That which is ordained by law they term lawful and just.
b. with obj. clause or inf.
c1375Cursor M. 14879 (Fairf.) Þai ordent him to hange on rode. 1375Barbour Bruce xvi. 288 How scho furth suld caryit be, Or euir he fure, than ordanit he. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) V. 41 It was i-ordeyned þat Esterday schulde be i-holde þe firste Sonday from þe fourtenþe day of þe mone of þe firste monthe. a1533Ld. Berners Huon xx. 58 He ordened a grete shyppe to be made redy. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 245 To shun this Ill, the cunning Leach ordains..To feed the Females, e'er the Sun arise. 1702Rowe Tamerl. iv. i. 1553 She ordains, the fair should know no Fears. 1855Prescott Philip II, ii. i. (1857) 197 By this edict..it was ordained that all who were convicted of heresy should suffer death ‘by fire, by the pit, or by the sword’.
†c. To determine, settle, resolve. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce v. 305 Syne emang thame preualy Thai ordanit, that he still suld be In hyddillis and in preuate. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. viii. 98 Dowel and dobet amonges hem ordeigned To croune one to be kynge to reule hem bothe. c1477Caxton Jason 19 After the soupper it was ordeyned that on the morn the siriens..sholde reste them.
d. absol. or intr. To appoint, direct, command.
c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 13 Yet þei turneden agen, as Crist himsilf ordeynede, to lyve in þe world. 1718Prior Pleasure 398 Mine to obey; thy part is to ordain.
†15. To order, command, bid (a person to do something, or that a thing be done); = order v. 7. Obs. or arch.
1375Barbour Bruce xiii. 53 King Robert..Ordanit..His marschall with a gret menȝe..For to prik emang the archeris. a1425Cursor M. 11189 (Trin.) Al þe world ordeyned he Þat þei shulde vndir him be. 1526Tindale Mark iii. 14 And he ordeined the twelve that they shulde be with him. 1540–1Elyot Image Gov. (1549) 144 For so God hath ordeined you, nature commaundeth you, and philosophie beadeth you. 1633Bp. Hall Hard Texts 525 In that day will I ordaine..all creatures, that they shall be helpfull unto them. 1887Bowen Virg. æneïd iv. 270 Jove himself ordains me to bear these words on the breeze.
†16. To order (a thing) to be made or furnished; = order v. 8. Obs.
1390Gower Conf. III. 167 Of what Ston his sepulture Thei scholden make, and what sculpture He wolde ordeine therupon. 1486Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 18 Okum and other stuffe ordeyned and bought for the same Ship. 1599Hakluyt Voy. II. ii. 1 Afterward he ordeined a boat made of one tree..and went to sea in it. 1621R. Bolton Stat. Irel. 37 (An. 5 Edw. IV) To ordeyne one payre of Butts for shooting within the towne or well neere.
Hence ordained |-ˈeɪnd| ppl. a. (esp. in sense 11).
c1440Promp. Parv. 368/2 Ordeynyd, ordinatus, constitutus. 1552Huloet, Ordeyned, comparatus, constitutus, institutus, status. 1588J. Udall Demonstr. Discipl. (Arb.) 43 The ordeyned when he feeleth a calling and charge from God..sensiblie comming vpon him. 1849Thackeray Pendennis xxix, A well-ordained workhouse or prison. 1876J. Parker Paracl. i. xv. 237 He is an ordained minister of Jesus Christ.
▪ II. orˈdain, n. rare.
[f. prec.]
= ordinance.
1804Something Odd II. 225 Providence, in whom we trust, whose high ordains we strive to follow. |