| 释义 |
opioid|ˈəʊpɪɔɪd|
[f. opium n. + -oid.]
= opiate n. 2.
1957Pharmaceutical Jrnl. CLXXIX. 321/1 Acheson has suggested that the morphinans and other synthetic morphine substitutes should be called opioids. 1972R. D. Dripps et al. Introd. Anesthesia (ed. 4) xxv. 347 Opioids administered intravenously..may be followed by hypotension. 1974M. C. Gerald Pharmacol. xiii. 237 Synthetic narcotic agents or opioids, which bear only highly subtle similarities to the structure of morphine. 1974Nature 20 Dec. 708/2 Antiserum obtained after immunisation with morphine-6-hemisuccinyl-bovine serum albumin..has highest and approximately equal affinity for morphine and heroin and progressively less for opioids of decreasing structural similarity.
Add:2. Pharm. and Physiol. Any compound resembling opiates in its neurochemical effects, esp. as regards the suppression of pain. Freq. attrib., esp. as opioid peptide.
1967W. R. Martin in Pharmacol. Rev. XIX. 464 We have adopted the term opioid, which was proposed by Professor George H. Acheson, to designate those analgesics whose pattern of pharmacological and agonistic effects is similar to that of morphine and have called this pattern of effects the opioid syndrome. Ibid. 502 The ubiquitous distribution of the sites of actions of opioids and opioid antagonists in the central nervous system. 1975Life Sci. XVI. 1771 The highly specific interaction of opiates with opiate receptors in the brain..and the guinea pig ileum..suggested the existence of endogenous ligands for these receptors... The search for such endogenous opioids has been carried out by several groups in addition to our own. 1976H. W. Kosterlitz (title), Opiates and endogenous opioid peptides. 1977Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. LXXIV. 2171/1 The enkephalin antisera we have used display little cross-reactivity with larger opioid peptides, α-endorphin and β-endorphin. 1981Brain Res. Bull. VII. 279 The prototype σ opioid receptor agonist N-allyl-normetazocine ..was injected into the third cerebral ventricle of conscious, unrestrained cats. 1986Fortune 18 Aug. 33/1 Among other things, opioids relieve pain and affect bowel activity. Some opioids found in the hypothalamus..also appear to stimulate appetite. |