| 释义 |
octet, octette|ɒkˈtɛt|
Also ottett, octett.
[mod. f. L. octo, after duet, quartet: in It. ottetto, Ger. oktett.]
1. Mus.
a. A musical composition for eight instruments or voices.
b. A company of eight singers or players who perform together.
1864H. F. Chorley in Lady Wallace tr. Mendelssohn's Lett. (ed. 3) p. xvii, Among Mendelssohn's published chamber-music may be specified an Ottett, two Quintetts, eight Quartetts for stringed instruments. 1880Grove Dict. Mus. II. 492 Octet, or Ottett (Ottetto), a composition for eight solo instruments... Mendelssohn's Octet for strings is a splendid example. 1886Pall Mall G. 7 Dec. 5/1 Schubert's Octet in F was to be repeated.
2. A group of eight lines of verse; spec. the first eight lines of a sonnet.
1879N. & Q. 5th Ser. XI. 459/1 Where is the octet called ‘Prospective Faith’? 1896E. Gosse Crit. Kit-Kats 7 No fault can be found with the structure of her [Mrs. Browning's] octetts and sextetts.
3. a. gen. A group of eight persons or things.
1894Scot. Leader 16 Mar. 3 The octette which rowed against Oxford yesterday.
b. A stable group of eight electrons in an electron shell of an atom.
1919I. Langmuir in Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. XLI. 888 After the very stable pairs..the next most stable arrangement of electrons is the group of 8 such as forms the outside layer in atoms of neon and argon. We shall call this stable group of 8 electrons the ‘octet’. 1927N. V. Sidgwick Electronic Theory of Valency x. 175 The trivalent elements, having incomplete octets, strive to complete them by co-ordination. 1965D. Abbott Inorg. Chem. ii. 70 Some atoms can remain stable when surrounded by more than an octet of electrons (they expand their octets).
c. Nuclear Physics. A multiplet (sense b) of eight sub-atomic particles.
1961in Gell-Mann & Ne'eman Eightfold Way (1964) i. 13 The most important prediction is..that the eight baryons should all have the same spin and parity and that the pseudoscalar and vector mesons should form ‘octets’, with possible additional ‘singlets’. 1962Physical Rev. CXXV. 1068/2 The baryons, as well as the mesons, can form octets and singlets. 1963[see nonet 2]. 1968M. S. Livingston Particle Physics xii. 213 Here [sc. in SU(3) theory] the basic octet of states is identified with the nucleon, the σ-particle triplet, the λ0 particle, and the ξ-particle doublet. |