| 释义 |
obviative|ˈɒbvɪətɪv, -eɪtɪv|
[ad. F. obviatif, f. obviate v. + -ive.]
A grammatical category of the Algonquian family of N. Amer. Indian languages that marks a third person as subordinate to another, animate, third person in a given context. Also, a similar category in certain other languages. Also attrib. or as adj.
[1866J. A. Cuoq Études Philologiques sur Quelques Langues Sauvages de L'Amérique i. ii. 43 De L'Obviatif. Quand dans une phrase, se rencontrent deux 3èmes personnes de première classe, l'une sujet et l'autre régime de la phrase, la personne-régime se met à l'obviatif. Ibid., Si le nom de la personne dominante se trouve exprimé, on le met à l'obviatif simple.] 1877Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1876 VII. 150 When two nouns (or a noun and a pronoun) in the third person are introduced in the same sentence, one as a subject and the other as the object of a verb, the latter takes the obviative—or second third-personal-form. 1899Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. XXXVIII. 186 In pōhḗ gŭnŭl and the following word, we have the ending -ŭl of the obviative, or accus[ative] of the third person, which appears in all the Algic idioms. 1922L. Bloomfield in Amer. Jrnl. Philol. XLIII. 276 He arrived at no clear statement of such features as the ‘obviative’ (the peculiar subsidiary third person of Algonquian grammar). 1927― in Amer. Speech II. 438/2 In inflection, Menomini, like the other Algonquian languages, has an obviative form for subsidiary third persons. 1958Archivum Linguisticum X. ii. 171 Distinction..of Proximate and Obviative, a common Algonquian distinction. 1965Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics X. 80 The use of the obviative in Kutenai. 1976Language LII. 519 The 3rd person in Cree includes two dimensions of contrast: proximate/obviative and animate/inanimate. |