| 释义 |
obturator|ˈɒbtjʊəreɪtə(r)|
[a. med.L. obtūrātor, agent-n. from obtūrāre: see prec.; in F. obturateur (c 1550 in Paré).]
Something that stops up.
1. Anat. (almost always attrib.). Name of a membrane (obturator membrane, or obturator ligament) which closes the thyroid foramen; applied also to structures connected with this, as
obturator artery, a branch of the internal iliac artery, supplying the obturator and other muscles of the thigh; obturator canal, a funnel-shaped opening in the obturator membrane, through which the obturator vessels and nerves pass; obturator foramen, another name for the thyroid foramen, a large opening in the os innominatum, representing the division between the ischium and pubis; obturator muscles, two muscles (o. externus and o. internus) serving for rotation and other movements of the thigh; obturator nerve, a branch of the lumbar plexus, having twigs distributed to the hip and knee joints and various muscles of the thigh; obturator vein, a branch of the internal iliac vein, accompanying the obturator artery.
1727–41Chambers Cycl., Obturator, in anatomy, a name given to two muscles of the thigh..covering up the foramen or aperture between the os pubis and the hip-bone. 1741Monro Anat. Nerves (ed. 3) 211 The obturator Muscles. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Obturator ligament, is one of the proper ligaments of the ossa innominata, and fills up the great foramen ovale. 1827Abernethy Surg. Wks. II. 218 The anterior crural and obturator nerves. 1842E. Wilson Anat. Vade M. (ed. 2) 110 The Obturator ligament or Membrane is a tendino-fibrous Membrane stretched across the obturator foramen. 1872Humphry Myology 20 The internal obturator.
2. An artificial device for stopping an opening; spec.
a. Surg. A plate or other contrivance for closing an opening of the body, esp. an abnormal opening, as in cleft palate.
b. Gunnery. A cap, pad, or the like, used for preventing the escape of gas through a joint or hole, esp. through the breech of a cannon in firing; a gas-check.
c. A shutter of a photographic camera. Also attrib.
1876Trans. Clinical Soc. IX. 125 Mr. Sewill..made for me an obturator according to the following plan:—A small plate was made to accurately fit the roof of the mouth [etc.]... Immediately after the obturator was applied, the patient could articulate the letters s and z to perfection—sounds which she was quite unable to make before. 1887Brit. Jrnl. Photog. 24 June 399/1 A new obturator or instantaneous shutter. 1891Cent. Dict. s.v., A Broadwell ring, a Freire obturator, a De Bange obturator, or an Armstrong gas-check. 1894Times 10 Oct. 5/1 The Chinese received the severest punishment while..struggling..to replace obturator rings. |