| 释义 |
▪ I. obdurate, a.|ˈɒbdjʊrət, əbˈdjʊərət|
[ad. L. obdūrāt-us hardened, hardened in heart, pa. pple. of obdūrāre: see next.]
1. a. Hardened in wickedness or sin; persistently impenitent; stubbornly resisting, or insensible to, moral influence.
c1440Jacob's Well 126 Þei be so obdurate in here coueytise. 1558Bp. Watson Sev. Sacram. xvi. 98 What obdurate vnkindness is this, not to recognise these so great benefites. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 790 What..Wonders move th' obdurate to relent? 1720Welton Suffer. Son of God I. iv. 76 Mollifie and Soften the Hardness of my Obdurate Heart. 1830Scott Demonol. x. 366 The obdurate conscience of the old sinner.
absol. as n.1830W. Phillips Mt. Sinai iv. 177 Beholding..With righteous wrath such obdurates.
b. Hardened, or hardening oneself, against persuasion, entreaty, the sentiment of pity, etc.; stubborn, obstinate, unyielding, inflexible, relentless, hard-hearted, inexorable.
1586Marlowe 1st Pt. Tamburl. v. i, If humble suits or imprecations..Might have entreated your obdurate breasts. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, i. iv. 142 Women are soft, milde, pittifull, and flexible; Thou, sterne, obdurate, flintie, rough, remorselesse. 1692Dryden St. Euremont's Ess. 187 The miserable condition of old King Priam touches the most obdurate Soul. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 171 ⁋8 To supplicate obdurate brutality, was hopeless. 1818Shelley Rev. Islam iv. ix, But custom maketh blind and obdurate The loftiest hearts. 1840Barham Ingol. Leg., Look at Clock xix, Why the fair was obdurate None knows,—to be sure it Was said she was setting her cap at the Curate. 1866Mrs. H. Wood St. Martin's Eve xxv. (1874) 311 She was compelled to be more obdurate than even her father had been.
c. fig. of things.
1727Swift Let. Eng. Tongue Wks. 1755 II. i. 188 They have joined the most obdurate consonants without one intervening vowel. 1804Abernethy Surg. Obs. 69 This obdurate and destructive disease. 1814Cary Dante, Inf. xxxiii, We all were silent. Ah, obdurate earth! 1840Dickens Old C. Shop xl, Said Kit, hammering stoutly at an obdurate nail.
†2. Physically hardened or hard. Obs.
1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 10/2 The fissures are filled vp with some obdurate substance and callositye. c1600Norden Spec. Brit., Cornw. (1728) 11 Tynn..the owre thereof beyng an obdurate stone spred in the veynes of the mountaynes. 1743tr. Heister's Surg. 394 Attended with an obdurate Callus. 1784Cowper Task i. 52 Well-tann'd hides, Obdurate and unyielding.
b. transf. Harsh or disagreeable to the senses. Obs. rare.
1647H. More Song of Soul i. ii. cxxiii, I mean not Natures harsh obdurate light.
▪ II. obdurate, v.|ˈɒbdjʊreɪt, əbˈdjʊəreɪt|
[f. obdurate a., or L. obdūrāt-, ppl. stem of obdūrāre to harden, harden in heart, f. ob- (ob- 1 b) + dūrāre to harden.]
1. trans. To make obdurate, to harden in wickedness, or against moral influence, entreaty, etc.; to make stubborn or obstinate; to harden the heart of, make relentless or pitiless.
a1540Barnes Wks. (1573) 279/2 The holy Ghost sayth, I will obdurate the hart of Pharao. 1605J. Dove Confut. Atheism 1 [They] haue so hardned and obdurated them selues, that they haue no sence or feeling. 1651Howell Venice 44 She [Venice] is obdurated with the same kind of vigor and vertu as old Rome. 1662Petty Taxes 58 Most of the punishments..are but shame..which shame for ever after obdurates the offender. 1710[see obdurated below]. 1860Pusey Min. Proph. 84 Not..from God, dooming to perdition, reprobating, obdurating, damning, but from man..obduring or hardening himself in sin.
2. To harden physically. Obs. rare.
1597[see obdurated below]. 1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 4/2 Sprede it on two papers..and in the night it will obdurate itselfe. 1657Tomlinson Renou's Disp. 10 So as either too much to obdurate or mollify.
†3. intr. To become hard. Obs. rare.
1659D. Pell Impr. Sea 263 This tree brings forth blossomes, first white, then green, afterwards red, and then obdurates, from whence come the cloves.
Hence ˈobdurated ppl. a.
1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 20/2 The debilest syde of the obdurated liver or milte. 1599― tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 248/2 When as a woman getteth an obduratede Breste. 1710Acc. Last Distemp. Tom Whigg ii. 55 Our Young, and not yet Obdurated Kitt Catt. 1874Pusey Lent. Serm. 422 The obstinacy of an obdurated will. |