| 释义 |
oak-fern
[A transl. of L. dryopteris, Gr. δρυοπτερίς (Diosc.), said to be applied to a fern growing on the trunks of oaks or other trees; but employed by Linnæus as the name of a species of Polypodium (P. Dryopteris), the Smooth Three-branched Polypody (not the ancient δρυοπτερίς).]
†1. Variously applied by the early herbalists to the Common Polypody (which grows on the trunks of trees), and to several other ferns.
These include Nephrodium Thelypteris, Cystopteris fragilis, Asplenium Adiantum-nigrum (identified by Fraas with the Greek δρυοπτερίς), and Polypodium calcareum.
1548Turner Names of Herbes 35, I haue founde it in bushe rootes ofte tymes in Germany, it may be called in englishe petie Ferne, or okeferne. c1550Lloyd Treas. Health (1585) L v, An old cocke filled with oke ferne or walferne. 1578Lyte Dodoens iii. lxii. 403 This herbe is called..in Englishe Polypodie, Wall Ferne, and Oke Ferne. Ibid. 404 Dryopteris candida, White Oke Ferne [= Cystopteris]. Dryopteris nigra, Blacke Oke Ferne [= Asplenium Adiantum-nigrum]. 1707Curios. in Husb. & Gard. 58 The Moderns have discover'd that Oak-fern has seed.
2. Now applied by collectors to Polypodium Dryopteris of Linnæus.
1844Newman Hist. Brit. Ferns (ed. 2) 128 The name of Oak Fern, derived from Dryopteris, appears as inapplicable as that of Beech Fern..and is adopted in deference to the opinions of others. 1855T. Moore Nature printed Ferns Plate v, The smooth three-branched Polypody, or Oak fern. 1882Thomson in Proc. Berw. Nat. Club IX. No. 4. 449 The oak-fern..showed exquisitely fine fronds. |