| 释义 |
▪ I. nozzle, n.|ˈnɒz(ə)l|
Forms: α. 7–9 nosle, nosel, 7–8 nossel. β. 7–9 nozle, 7–8 nozel, 8 nozzel, 8– nozzle.
[f. nose n. + -le.]
1. A socket on a candlestick or sconce, for receiving the lower end of the candle; also, a part projecting from the socket (quot. 1608). Now rare.
α1608Willet Hexapla Exod. 593 Euery socket had rostrum in vna parte, a certaine nosle hanging out. 1657W. Coles Adam in Eden cclix, In fashion like unto the Nossel of a wooden candlestick. 1714Lond. Gaz. No. 5282/9 A Nosel for a Candle. 1847Halliw., The nosle of a candlestick is that part which holds the end of the candle.
β1682Wheler Journ. Greece v. 398 A Stem, formed like a Nozel, or Socket of a Candlestick. 1741Arbuthnot & Pope Mem. Mart. Scriblerus iii, A paultry old Sconce, with the nozzle broke off. a1764Lloyd Candle & Snuffers Poet. Wks. 1774 II. 133 A candle stuck in flaring state Within the nozel of French plate. 1791Ann. Reg., Chron. 8 A pair of silver snuffers and stand, and two candlestick nozzles.
2. a. A small spout, mouthpiece, or projecting aperture; a short terminal pipe or part of a pipe, such as the nose of a pair of bellows, the muzzle of a gun-barrel, etc.
α1683Salmon Doron Med. ii. xx. 570 The Top thereof [a stove] may be firm Tin, with a nossel or pipe in it, like that of a pair of Bellows. 1702Savery Miner's Friend 44 Taking away his Thumb, he by directing the Nosle to the Fire immediately extinguishes it. 1787Phil. Trans. LXXVIII. 46 Icicles, adhering to the nosel of the cock.
β1684tr. Bonet's Merc. Compit. iii. 98 A Pipe being tied to the nozle of a pair of Bellows. 1764Mus. Rusticum III. lxvii. 304 At every fathom distance there should be wooden nozels. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 261 A wooden plug may be chained to the pump, betwixt the spouts or nozles. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 208 The nozzle that leads from the steam pipe is stopped with a wooden plug. 1894Curzon Probl. Far East 246 Boards upon which are painted the nozzles of imaginary cannons.
b. Applied to various parts of a steam-engine, esp. the steam-port, or the part of the cylinder enclosing this, and the exhaust-pipe or the adjustable end of this. Also applied to similiar parts of other engines, e.g. turbines (for directing the fluid on to the rotor), internal-combustion engines (for injecting fuel into the carburettor or the combustion chamber), and jet engines (for increasing the speed of the ejected fluid).
1839R. S. Robinson Naut. Steam Eng. 34 On one side of the cylinder, and cast with it, are two square projections called nosles, which enclose within them the steam ports. 1848E. Alban Steam Eng. 257 note, By some mechanics these parts of the engine are called nozzles, a corruption of nose⁓holes. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1535/1. 1906 W. H. S. Garnett Turbines i. v. 56 When it is required to reduce the power more rapidly..it is usual to deflect the nozzle so that the jet misses the buckets. 1912Motor Manual (ed. 14) i. 10 When the suction of the engine occurs petrol issues through the nozzle, and an inrush of air..passes upwards, carrying the sprayed petrol with it, and thus forming the explosive mixture. 1946[see after-burning vbl. n. 2]. 1949G. P. Sutton Rocket Propulsion Elem. i. 3 When a rocket unit operates, a chemical reaction occurs which generates high temperature, high pressure gases; these..are ejected through a nozzle. 1950Skrotzki & Vopat Steam & Gas Turbines ix. 371 Mechanical spray nozzles for injecting fuel oil into combustion chambers. 1962D. Slayton in Into Orbit 22 The job of keeping the capsule in its correct attitude during flight is taken care of by small jet nozzles fastened on the outside of the spacecraft. 1966Aviation Week & Space Technol. 6 Dec. 24/1 A rocket engine with a conventional bell nozzle. 1971B. Scharf Engin. & its Lang. xiv. 207 In impulse turbines, the high pressure steam..expands through nozzles or guide blades shaped to form nozzles.
attrib.1895Model Steam Eng. 84 This is regulated by the size of the aperture at the nozzle end of the boiler.
3. slang. The nose.
1771Smollett Humph. Cl. 18 Apr., His..face was over⁓shadowed by this tremendous nozzle. 1854‘C. Bede’ Verdant Green ii. iv. 31 That'll take the bark from your nozzle. 1863Speke Discov. Nile 271 But Bombey, showing his nozzle rather flatter than usual, said ‘No; I got this on account of your lies’.
4. A small nose or beak; a projecting part or end.
1850Grote Greece ii. lx. VII. 408 Instead of having one single beak, the Corinthian ship might be said to have three nozzles. 1874Bedford Sailor's Pkt.-Bk. v. 108 Each buoy, exclusive of the nozzle, is to be divided horizontally into four, and vertically into eight equal parts.
5. Special combs., as nozzle-block (see quot.); nozzle-face (see quot.); nozzle-man, a man in charge of the nozzle of the hose of a fire-engine, or that of a suction- or other pipe; nozzle-pipe = nozzle 2; nozzle-plate = nozzle-face; nozzle-screw, a nozzle having a screw-thread cut on it.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1535/1 *Nozzle-block, one in which two bellows-nozzles unite.
1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 298 Within the casing, at the top and bottom of the cylinder, are the two *nosle-faces, which are square plates of brass raised upon the cylinder, one round each of the steam-ports, for the valve-plates to slide upon.
1885T. A. D. Where Chineses Drive 139 One of the rest acted as *nozzle⁓man to direct the jet. 1893Times 10 July 13/6 There are to each such suction pipe, when in operation, one weigher, and one nozzle-man in the ship's hold and two boys.
1816Accum Chem. Tests 245 If the flame have a cavity through it, the aperture of the *nozzle-pipe is too large.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1535/1 *Nozzle-plate, a seat for a slide-valve of a steam-engine.
1839Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. IV. 195/1 The aperture through which the *nozzle-screw is to pass.
Hence ˈnozzle v. trans., to fit with something after the manner of a nozzle. ˈnozzler slang, a blow on the nose.
1866J. B. Rose Virg. Ecl. & Georg. 111 Some to the young the mother's teats forbid, And nozzle with sharp spikes the calf and kid. 1828Sporting Mag. XXII. 198 In the ninth round Bob received a nozzler drawing claret.
▪ II. nozzle
variant of nuzzle v.1 |