| 释义 |
nihilist|ˈnaɪhɪlɪst, ˈnɪ-|
[f. as prec. + -ist. Cf. F. nihiliste (1797), Sp. nihilista, It. nichilista, G. nihilist, Russ. nigilist.]
1. One who holds the doctrine of nihilism in philosophy or religion.
1836–7Sir W. Hamilton Metaph. xvi. (1859) I. 294 Philosophers are divided..into Nihilists or Non-Substantialists [etc.]. 1854tr. Feuerbach's Ess. Chr. 28 We must say with the oriental nihilist or pantheist. 1876J. Parker Paracl. ii. xviii. 290 David Hume..has been correctly described as a nihilist; he denied everything and affirmed nothing.
2. (With capital initial.) A member of a Russian revolutionary party professing extreme principles.
1871Gen. Hist. in Ann. Reg. 226 The ‘Nihilists’, as they called themselves, were an offshoot of Russian extravagance on the Socialist stock. 188019th Cent. VII. 1 It is because ‘nothing’ as it exists at present finds favour in their eyes that they have been called ‘Nihilists’. 1887T. A. Trollope What I remember II. xiii. 235 He was a Nihilist of the most uncompromising type.
b. attrib. or as adj.
1880Standard 22 Dec., Another Nihilist leader has been arrested. 1883Harper's Mag. Jan. 315/2 Nihilist proclamations have continued to be placarded. |