| 释义 |
nicotinic, a. Chem. and Biochem.|nɪkəʊˈtɪnɪk|
[f. nicotine + -ic.]
1. nicotinic acid [tr. G. nicotinsäure (H. Weidel 1873, in Ann. d. Chem. und Pharm. CLXV. 330)]: a white crystalline heterocyclic acid, (C5H4N)COOH, which is widely distributed (usu. in the form of a complex of its amide) in foods such as yeasts, wheat germ, and meat, is formed when nicotine is oxidized, and can be synthesized in the body from tryptophan; it is a B vitamin, deficiency of which causes pellagra in man; 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid. (Cf. niacin.)
1873Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XXVI. 509 Acetyl chloride has no action on nicotinic acid. 1913J. Walker Org. Chem. 279 The β acid, or nicotinic acid, may also be produced by the oxidation of the alkaloid nicotine. 1942Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analytical Ed.) XIV. 663/1 The dietary position of cereals and cereal products in relation to their pellegra [sic]-preventive attributes has recently been given considerable prominence by the inclusion of nicotinic acid or niacin in the list of required components of enriched flour. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. v. 14/2 Like thiamine, nicotinic acid is present in the whole-wheat grain in good quantities, but most is removed by the millers in preparing fine flours or polished rice.
2. Resembling (that of) nicotine; capable of responding to nicotine.
1941[see muscarinic a.]. 1961A. Goth Med. Pharmacol. iii. 44 The nicotinic receptors may be divided into the ganglionic receptors, which are hexamethonium sensitive, and the skeletal muscle receptors, which are sensitive to d-tubocurarine. 1970Nature 5 Dec. 917/1 The pharmacological actions of acetylcholine..outside the central nervous system could be divided into two categories, nicotinic and muscarinic. 1973Jrnl. Pharmacol. & Exper. Therap. CLXXXV. 649 The data..suggest that both stimulant drugs and competitive antagonists interact on a one-to-one basis with the nicotinic receptor of the guinea-pig lumbrical muscle. |