| 释义 |
neurotropism|njʊərəʊˈtrəʊpɪz(ə)m, njʊəˈrɒtrəpɪz(ə)m|
[ad. Gr. neurotropismus (J. Forssman 1900, in Beiträge z. path. Anat. u. z. allgem. Path. XXVII. 408): see neurotropic a. and -ism.]
1. Anat. The supposed attraction (or repulsion) exerted by one mass of nervous (or other) tissue upon another mass of nervous tissue which is in the process of growing or regenerating.
1905Gould Dict. New Med. Terms 380/1 Neurotropism, the attraction or repulsion exercised upon regenerating nerve-fibers. A substance is said to have positive neurotropism when these regenerating nerve fibers have a tendency to grow toward and into it. 1912Jrnl. Nerv. & Mental Dis. XXXIX. 774 (heading) Influence of neurotropism on regeneration. 1955B. H. Willier et al. Analysis of Devel. vii. i. 356/2 Such ‘distance action’, commonly referred to as ‘neurotropism’ and assumed to be a form of either galvanotropism or chemotropism, has been invoked to explain oriented nerve growth in the embryo.., as well as during later nerve regeneration. 1968A. F. W. Hughes Aspects Neural Ontogeny i. 34 The two principles which have been proposed as forces which direct the growing nerve fibre, the ‘contact-guidance’ of Weiss.., and the neurotropism of Ramon y Cajal, both rest on inference from the behaviour of growing fibres under various circumstances, and at present on nothing more.
2. Path. The tendency of a virus or other pathological agent to attack the nervous system preferentially.
1911Stedman Med. Dict. 585/2 Neurotropism, the attraction of certain pathogenic microorganisms, poisons, and nutritive substances, toward the nerve-centers. 1925Jrnl. Exper. Med. XLII. 523 His theories of dermotropism and neurotropism of viruses. 1933Amer. Jrnl. Cancer XIX. 647 (heading) Neurotropism of neoplasms in the mouse. 1940Nature 2 Nov. 596/1 A curious characteristic of the yellow fever virus..is its manifestation of two types of virulence, namely, ‘viscerotropism’, meaning that it attacks such viscera as the liver, kidneys and heart, and ‘neurotropism’, meaning that it damages the nervous system. 1959New Scientist 19 Mar. 620/1 Sabin himself admits that there is some return of virulence—neurotropism he calls it, the power to cause paralysis. |