| 释义 |
▪ I. nephritic, a.1 and n.|nɛˈfrɪtɪk|
Also 6–7 -ick, 6 nefreticke, 7 nephretic(k.
[ad. late L. nephrīticus (Celsius), ad. Gr. νεϕρῑτικός, f. νεϕρῖτις nephritis. Cf. F. néphrétique († nephritique, OF. nefretique).]
A. adj.
1. Of pains, diseases, etc.: Affecting, having their seat or origin in, the kidneys; renal.
1580Well of Woman Hill, Aberdeen A iij b, It cuiris Nephritick dolouris baith of Neiris and Bladder. 1590P. Barrough Meth. Physick vii. xvii. (1639) 406 When we would in the Nefreticke disease, have the pores and passages of the body enlarged [etc.]. 1650Baxter Saints' R. iii. iv. (1662) 345 Epileptick, Arthritick, Nephritick pains. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Vomiting, This Medicine is also good against the Nephritick Cholick. 1781J. T. Dillon Trav. Spain 160 A remedy for a nephritic complaint. 1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) IV. 396 She was never known to have had a nephritic symptom till just before her death. 1859R. F. Burton Centr. Afr. in Jrnl. Geog. Soc. XXIX. 389 Chronic nephritic disease, and rheumatism.
2. Of medicines or remedies: Operating on, helping to cure affections of, the kidneys. ? Obs.
1657Tomlinson Renou's Disp. 10 The..strengthening Medicament is that which..conserves some part of our Body, as..Nephritick to the reins. 1684tr. Bonet's Merc. Compit. iii. 60 This is a noble and royal Nephritick liquor. 1710Brit. Apollo No. 41. 2/1 Garlick is..Nephritick. 1799Med. Jrnl. II. 291 The best manner of making the nephritic alkaline waters.
†b. nephritic wood, a wood of which the infusion (nephritic tincture) was formerly used as a remedy in diseases of the kidneys. Obs.
In earlier accounts said to come from ‘New Spain’ and to be the coatli of Hernandez; but in later use also applied to the wood of the Horse-radish Tree (Moringa pterygosperma).
1661Boyle Contn. New Exp. ii. (1682) 140, I tried the same experiment, with the infusion of Nephritick-wood. 1684–5― Min. Waters 86 To destroy the blewness of the Nephritic Tincture. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 156 Nephritick Wood. This is brought to us from New Spain; it is from a Tree reckon'd of the Ash-kind. The Wood is hard and colour'd almost like Saunders. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp. s.v. Transmutation, The change of colour of a decoction of the nephritic wood, according to the different lights it was viewed in. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) VIII. 176/2 The wood [of moringa] dyes a beautiful blue colour. It is the lignum nephriticum, or nephritic wood, of the dispensatories.
c. nephritic stone, jade, nephrite. ? Obs.
1666H. Stubbe Mirac. Conformist 10 The Nephritick and Eagle-stones..whose operation is certain and undeniable. Ibid. 13 The Nephritic-stone drives out gravel. 1777G. Forster Voy. round World I. 161 A piece of green nephritic stone, or jadde. 1811Pinkerton Petral. I. 346 The nephritic stone was supposed, when only worn, to cure diseases of the reins, or the lumbago.
3. Of persons: Affected with pain or disease of the kidneys. Also absol.
1656Blount Glossogr., Nephritick, that is troubled with a pain in the Reins of the back. 1702Floyer Hot & Cold Bath. i. iv. (1709) 92 He advises the Nephritick to place their Backs against the Stream of the River. 1806Med. Jrnl. XV. 36 The drops..have given great relief to many nephritic patients. 1834Cycl. Pract. Med. III. 165/1 The infusion of its leaves has often given decided relief to nephritic patients.
†B. n. A medicine for the kidneys. Obs.
1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 453. 1671 Salmon Syn. Med. iii. xv. 358 Renals or Nephreticks, are such Medicines as are dedicated to the Reines and Bladder. 1694― Bate's Dispens. (1713) 215/1 A most admirable Nephritick.
▪ II. neˈphritic, a.2 rare—1.
[f. nephrite + -ic.]
Of the nature of, related to, nephrite.
1806Gazetteer Scotl. (ed. 2) 248 Marble,..nephritic asbestos, violet-coloured quartz, and porphyry. |