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neodymium Chem.|niːəʊˈdɪmɪəm|
[mod.L., f. G. neodym (C. A. von Welsbach 1885, in Monatshefte f. Chem. VI. 490), f. neo- neo- + di)dym didymium: see -ium.]
A metallic element that is a typical member of the lanthanide series, forms red compounds in which it has a valency of three (some of the salts being used for colouring glass and for glazes), and can also have a valency of two or four. Atomic number 60; symbol Nd.
1885Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XLVIII. ii. 1113 By repeated crystallisation of a mixture of the double nitrates of lanthanum and didymium with ammonium, the lanthanum salt was obtained pure, whilst the didymium salt separated into the salts of two new elements, neodymium and praseodymium. 1923Glasgow Herald 16 Feb. 11 Number 61 is a rare-earth metal in the midst of that troop of strange elements with stranger names found chiefly in Scandinavian minerals; its neighbours are neodymium and samarium. 1971Sci. Amer. June 20/3 At present solid-state ruby and neodymium-glass laser materials are used to obtain the highest peak-power output in pulsed operation. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VII. 253/2 Of the rare earths, only cerium and yttrium are more plentiful than neodymium. |