| 释义 |
reproduce, v.|riːprəˈdjuːs|
[f. re- 5 a + produce v., prob. after F. reproduire (16th c.).]
1. a. trans. To bring again into material existence; to create or form anew; spec. in Biol. to form (a lost limb or organ) afresh; to generate (new individuals).
1611Cotgr., Reproduire, to reproduce, to yeeld or bring forth againe. a1676Hale Prim. Orig. Man. ii. vii. 193 Which..if they had been the Product of the Plastick power of the Earth, would have been Annually re-produced. a1700Ken Hymnotheo Poet. Wks. 1721 III. 85 God's Voice departed Souls shall re-instate, And reproduce Men easier than create. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp. App. s.v. Reproduction, Some of these worms have..then begun to reproduce a head or a tail, or both. 1800R. Fellowes Chr. Philos. (ed. 3) 227 Man..reproduces his kind; and he vanishes into darkness. 1870Rolleston Anim. Life Introd. 67 Some Amphibia possess a great power of repairing injuries, and of reproducing destroyed or amputated organs. 1879S. C. Bartlett Egypt to Pal. x. 225 We gathered the seed of some of these,..hoping to reproduce them at home.
b. With immaterial object.
1776Adam Smith W.N. ii. ii. (1869) I. 293 Industrious people, who re-produce, with a profit, the value of their annual consumption. 1818Cobbett Pol. Reg. XXXIII. 372 The great prosperity, which the industry and energy of the nation soon re-produced. 1863Fawcett Pol. Econ. i. iv. 28 A man may spend capital on productive wealth; then capital is..reproduced.
refl.1842Manning Serm. i. (1848) I. 6 As sin, through the power of death, withers off..it perpetually reproduces itself. 1877Nature 30 Aug. 360/1 It is evident..that the sounds would reproduce themselves with the same pitch in the scale.
c. absol. To multiply by generation.
1894Times (weekly ed.) 31 Aug. 689/2 It [the bacillus] reproduces at the rate of hundreds per day. 1896tr. Boas' Text-bk. Zool. 38 Among those animals which reproduce only by fertilised ova, successive generations are almost always alike.
2. To produce again by means of combination or change.
1666Boyle Orig. Formes & Qual. Wks. 1772 III. 61 If we could reproduce a body which has been deprived of its substantial form. 1704Newton Optics (1721) 134 Whenever all those Rays..are mix'd again, they reproduce the same white Light as before. 1839G. Bird Nat. Philos. 325 A convex lens..will bring all the rays to a focus, and reproduce white light. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 116 When the vapour of water is condensed it reproduces pure water.
3. a. To bring about again; to effect, exhibit, or present anew; to repeat in some fashion.
1688Dryden Brit. Rediv. 217 His inborn courage..Might reproduce some second Richard's reign. 1830Herschel Stud. Nat. Phil. 119 Whenever we notice a remarkable effect of any kind, our first question ought to be, Can it be reproduced? 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. xiv. 307 Rendu affirmed..that all the phenomena of a river were reproduced upon the Mer de Glace. 1877Nature 6 Sept. 403/2 He has rendered it possible to reproduce the human voice with all its modulations at distant points.
refl.1870Rogers Hist. Gleanings Ser. ii. 52 History is apt to reproduce itself.
b. To repeat in a more or less exact copy; to produce a copy of (a work of art, picture, drawing, etc.), now esp. by means of engraving, photography, or similar processes.
1850J. Leitch tr. C. O. Müller's Anc. Art §83 (ed. 2) 50 In colonies the form of the images in the metropolis was faithfully reproduced. 1868Freeman Norm. Conq. (1877) II. ix. 400 The rude art of English masons strove to reproduce the campaniles of Northern Italy. 1892Photogr. Ann. II. 238 The diagrams reproduced on the adjoining pages.
absol.1849Lytton Caxtons i. v, I already began to imitate, to reproduce.
c. intr. To turn out (well, etc.) in a copy.
1891Pall Mall G. 2 Dec. 3/2 The drawings..reproduce in monochrome-plate process with greater strength than might be expected.
d. trans. To cause to be heard (sound originating elsewhere or on another occasion); also absol. Freq. with advbs.
1899T. Eaton & Co. Catal. Spring & Summer 191/1 A graphophone..a perfect machine, reproduces perfectly. 1924Radio Times 19 Dec. 620/1 (Advt.), He can ‘pick’ up the entertainment being sent out from any British or Continental Station and reproduce it at Loud Speaker strength. 1961G. A. Briggs A to Z in Audio 21 If you can reproduce the bottom note of a double bass properly, you are not doing badly. 1978Gramophone July 272/1 Totally enclosed headphones..can usually reproduce extreme bass frequencies more easily.
4. To present again in writing or print.
1860Tyndall Glac. i. xxv. 178 A letter..so interesting that I do not hesitate to reproduce it here. 1885Spectator 25 July 977/1 The legends..here reproduced were well worth reproducing.
5. To create again by a mental effort; to represent clearly to the mind.
1869H. F. Tozer Highl. Turkey II. 201 These scenic edifices..enable our mind's eye to reproduce the people..congregated together. 1870Rogers Hist. Gleanings Ser. ii. 199 The novels of the eighteenth century enable us to reproduce the parson of the time with ease.
6. To bring out again.
1835G. Hogarth Mus. Hist. (1838) II. 158 He also remodelled his opera of The Wood Girl, and reproduced it under the title of Sylvana.
Hence reproˈduceable a., reproducible; reproˈduced, reproˈducing ppl. adjs.
1832H. Martineau Hill & Valley vi. 87 The second and third..constituted the reproduceable capital of the concern. 1882Seeley Nat. Relig. 103 A sort of reflected or reproduced eternity. 1892Photogr. Ann. II. 106 Dispositives and reproduced negatives. 1893Athenæum 30 Sept. 452/1 His adoption of his master's [style] is that of a student..not that of a mere reproducing copyist. 1941B.B.C. Gloss. Broadcasting Terms 28 Reproducing desk, table carrying one or more turn-tables and other equipment for playing gramophone records, disc recordings, or pressings. 1946Penguin Music Mag. Dec. 93 Reproducing instruments are improving as much as recording has improved. 1964Listener 17 Sept. 442/2 Recordings made for the reproducing piano by Josef Lhévinne. 1970J. Earl Tuners & Amplifiers iii. 69 Power so liberated..detracts from the reproduced signals. |