| 释义 |
▪ I. navel, n.|ˈneɪv(ə)l|
Forms: α. 1 nabula, nafela, navela, nafla, 3–4 nauele, (4 nav-), 4–7 nauel, -ell, (5–7 -il, -ill, -yl, -yle, -yll, 5 nawelle, -ylle, etc.), 5–7 navell, (6 -yll, 6–7 -il; 5 nable, 6–7 navle, 7 naple), 5– navel; 4 naule, nawle, 6 nale, 9 dial. nawl. β. 3 noule, 4 nouel, 5 nowele, -yl, novyl(l, 9 Sc. nuil.
[OE. nafela, masc. = OFris. navla, naula, MDu. navel(e, naffel(e, etc. (Du. navel), MLG. navel, naffel, OHG. nabalo, napalo, etc. (MHG. nabele, G. nabel), ON. nafle (Sw. nafle, nafvel, Da. navle):—Comm. Teut. *naƀalan-, related to Skr. nābhīla, and more obscurely to Gr. ὀµϕαλός, L. umbilīcus, and OIr. imbliu (Gael. imleag, iomlag). The various forms appear to be derivatives of the stem of nave n.1]
1. a. A rounded depression, with a more or less raised or protuberant centre, situated on the abdomen at the point where the umbilical cord was originally attached; the umbilicus.
αc725Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) U 243 Umbilicus, nabula. a850Kentish Glosses in Wr.-Wülcker 56/15 Umbilico tuo, þinum nafelan. c893K. ælfred Oros. iv. i. §5 He ᵹenedde under ænue elpent þæt he hiene on þone nafelan ofstang. c1000Sax. Leechd. I. 82 ᵹif men innan wyrmas eᵹlen..nim ða sylfan wyrte [sc. waybread], ᵹecnuca, leᵹe on þone naflan. a1290Pains of Hell (MS. Digby 86) 104 Þe flod to heere nauele takeþ. c1315Shoreham i. 1197 Me schel þe mannes lenden anelye, Þe nauele of þe femele. 13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 459 Al arn we membrez of ihesu kryst, As heued & arme & legg & naule. 1382Wyclif Prov. iii. 8 Helthe forsothe shal ben in thi nauele [1388 nawle]. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) vii. 24 It had þe schappe of a man fra þe nauel dunward. 1470–85Malory Arthur vi. xi. 199 Launcelot..smote hym on the sholder and clafe hym to the nauel. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §57 Se the oxe haue a greate codde, and the cowe great nauyll. 1592J. Davies Immort. Soul xxxii. xxxv, Children, while within the Womb they live, Feed by the Navil. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 239 The use of the Navell is to continue the infant unto the Mother. 1695New Light Chirurg. put out 37 Run into the Belly about two Inches above the Navel. 1727A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Ind. I. xxiv. 295 They were all naked above the Navel. 1774J. Bryant Mythol. I. 245 The Deity was worshipped under the form of a navel. 1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 361 It likewise reached..almost to the navel. 1873Lowell Oriental Apol. v, [He] lifted not His eyes from off his navel's mystic knot.
fig.1607Shakes. Cor. iii. i. 123 Euen when the Nauell of the State was touch'd, They would not thred the Gates.
transf.1755Gentl. Mag. XXV. 32 Navel,..an aperture in the base of a shell near the center. 1766Compl. Farmer s.v. Service-tree, Roundish berries,..which have a depressed navel on the top.
βc1220Bestiary 561 Fro ðe noule niðerward ne is ge [sc. the mermaid] no man like. a1400Stockh. Medical MS. i. 175 in Anglia XVIII. 299 Bynde it on þe nowele in a clout. Ibid. i. 485 Hoot on his nowyl ȝif it be bounde. c1440Jacob's Well 95 Þe neþer part of here body fro þe nouyll downward. Ibid., Fro þe novyll vpward. 1860Robson Song Sol. vii. 2 Thy nuil is like til a roond goblet.
(b) Phr. to contemplate (or regard) one's navel: to engage in meditation or contemplation; to be complacently parochial or escapist; cf. navel-contemplation, etc. (sense 4 below).
1933E. O'Neill Days without End (1934) i. 21 His letters..extolled passionless contemplation so passionately that I had a mental view of him regarding his navel frenziedly by the hour and making nothing of it! 1966Listener 24 Nov. 770/1 One sits in a New York traffic jam, contemplating, as it were, the city's navel, and the conclusion is inevitable that death from a combination of congestion and suffocation is not far off. 1975Times 2 June 12/8 Lift our eyes for a moment from the contemplation of our own unlovely navels and look out to where..our fellow human beings live.
†b. The junction of a leaf with a stem. Obs. rare.
a1400Stockh. Medical MS. ii. 761 in Anglia XVIII. 326 In euery nowele sche beryth here flowris. 1693Evelyn De la Quint. Compl. Gard. II. 63 From the Navel of every Leaf a Fig will infallibly grow.
†c. lady's navel: (see lady 18 b). Obs.
d. ellipt. A navel orange (see 4).
1888U.S. Dept. Agric. Pomology 68 These trees..were called..the ‘Washington’ or ‘Riverside’ Navel, to distinguish the variety from the Australian Navel.
2. a. The centre or central point of a country, sea, forest, etc.
1382Wyclif Judges ix. 37 The puple fro the nouel of the erthe cometh doun. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 41 Þe þridde ilond..stondeþ..as it were in þe nauel of þe see. 1481Caxton Godfrey clxxi. 253 This Cyte standeth as it were in the nauyll of the londe of Byheste. 1571Golding Calvin on Ps. lxxiv. 12 Situate as it were in the navle of the world. 1586J. Hooker Hist. Irel. in Holinshed II. 27/1 Some thinke this to be the middle part or nauill of that prouince. 1634Milton Comus 520 Within the navil of this hideous Wood..a Sorcerer dwels. 1695Kennett Par. Antiq. i. 2 Whether any Indigence kept always here in the navel of the land, as Cesar reports. 1746Collins Ode Liberty 90 'Midst the green navel of our isle. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 19 That dreadful vortex, or whirl⁓pool, called by navigators the navel of the sea. 1834J. Wilson in Blackw. Mag. XXXVI. 17 On the green navel of the lake. 1878T. L. Kington-Oliphant Old & Mid. Eng. iii. 212 Derby may be called the philological navel of England.
b. The central or middle point of anything.
1603B. Jonson K. Jas.'s Entertain. Wks. (Rtldg.) 530/2 May thousand branches..style this land the navel of their peace. 1607Middleton Five Gallants iv. vi, 'Tis now about the navel of the day. 1664Evelyn tr. Freart's Archit. 140 Admitting the light at the top Center or Navil only, without any Lantern. 1895Rider Haggard Heart of World xi, The very navel of this ancient..civilisation.
†c. The middle point of a horse's back. Obs. (Cf. navel-gall.)
1684Lond. Gaz. No. 1937/4 A new sore caused by a Pillion on the navle of his back. 1697Ibid. 3337/4 Having on the Naple of the Back a place that looks as if it was formerly burnt. 1713Ibid. 4880/4 A little swell'd on the Navel with an old Saddle Gall.
†3. The nave of a wheel. Obs. rare.
Cf. Kilian's navel van 't rad i. nave.
1388[see nave n.1 1 b]. 1535Coverdale 1 Kings vii. 33 Their axeltrees, spokes, nales [1537 Matthew nauelles] & shaftes were all molten. 1624Massinger Parlt. Love ii. iii, His body be the navel to the wheel In which your rapiers, like so many spokes, Shall meet and fix themselves!
4. attrib. and Comb., as navel-fibre, navel-knot, navel-rupture, † navel-stead, navel-vein; navel-burst, navel-high, navel-like, navel-shaped adjs.; navel-contemplation (see sense 1 a (b)); so navel-contemplator; navel-cord = navel-string; navel-fallen, a disease in pigeons (see quot.); navel-gazer = omphalopsychite; also transf. (cf. navel-contemplator); so navel-gazing vbl. n.; navel-hole (see quot.); navel-ill, a disease in calves and lambs, marked by inflammation about the navel; navel orange, a large variety of orange, having a navel-like formation at the top; navel-point Her. (see quot.); navel-stone, a stone that marks a navel (sense 2). See also navel-string, -wort;
1589J. Rider Bibl. Schol., That is *navell-burst, exomphalus.
1921D. H. Lawrence Let. 2 May (1962) II. 650 Your Nirvana is too much a one-man show: leads inevitably to *navel-contemplation. 1974Times 27 June 18/3 To fight off the navel-contemplation mood induced by our move of office.
1856R. A. Vaughan Mystics (1860) I. 272 They call these devotees *Navel-contemplators.
1922Joyce Ulysses 385 Our grandam, which we are linked up with by successive anastomosis of *navelcords.
1765Treat. Dom. Pigeons 37 The next distemper is what the fancy calls *navel-fallen; in this case, there is a kind of a bag hanging down near the vent.
1671Grew Anat. Plants i. vii. (1682) 49 From thence..the *Navel-Fibres shoot.
1952L. MacNeice Ten Burnt Offerings 37 Crystal-gazers, *navel-gazers.
1963Kenyon Rev. XXV. 549/1 This piece of *navel-gazing also reveals a dangerous and sometimes excessive self-consciousness. 1972Publisher's Weekly 10 July 27/2 David Obst has no monopoly on national navel-gazing.
1663Wood Life (O.H.S.) I. 479 Railed in with a rayl *navel high.
1828Carr Craven Gloss., *Navel-Hole, the hole in the centre of a mill-stone, into which the grain is cast by the hopper.
1834Youatt Cattle 558 The *navel-ill is a far more serious business than some imagine. 1888W. Williams Pract. Vet. Med. (ed. 5) 306 From the fact that the umbilicus is often involved in the tumefaction, the disease has been called ‘navel-ill’.
1766Compl. Farmer s.v. Vegetation, Between the roots and ascending stem, the trunk of the plant is knit by the *navel knot to the flower-leaf.
1849–52Todd's Cycl. Anat. IV. 1013/2 A *navel-like aperture on the anterior surface of the tumour.
1888U.S. Dept. Agric., Pomology 68 The varieties of the *Navel orange, their origin, manner of introduction, etc.
c1828Berry Encycl. Herald. I. Nombril, or *Navel Point, is the next below the fesse point, or the very centre of the escocheon.
1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 21 Their Children..are much troubled with the *Navel-Rupture.
1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) IV. 497 note, They are not *navel-shaped, like those of small-pox.
c1611Chapman Iliad xxi. 173 Full in the *navel-stead He ripp'd his belly up. 1615Crooke Body of Man 81 Issuing out at the nauill-stead.
1917Encycl. Relig. & Ethics IX. 492/2 Zeus, wishing to ascertain the exact centre of the earth, sent forth two eagles to fly simultaneously at equal speed from its eastern and western ends. They met at Delphi, and there in Apollo's temple was set up in commemoration the holy *Navel-stone..to mark earth's central point. 1922A. E. Housman Last Poems 50 Mute's the midland navel-stone beside the singing fountain.
1634T. Johnson Parey's Wks. (1649) 595 The umbilical vein, or *navel-vein, entering into the bodie of the childe.
▪ II. navel, v. rare.|ˈneɪv(ə)l|
[f. prec.]
1. In pa. pple. Situated in the middle.
1818Byron Ch. Har. iv. clxxiii, Lo, Nemi! navell'd in the woody hills. 1819J. H. Wiffen Aonian Hours 102 Within the shade a ruined temple stands.., navelled in the pines.
2. intr. To come to a centre.
1855Bailey Mystic 52 Radial avenues of rocks All navelling in the sanctuary divine. |