| 释义 |
nativist|ˈneɪtɪvɪst|
[f. as prec. + -ist.]
1. U.S. Pol. One who favours or advocates a policy of nativism. Also attrib.
1864Nicols 40 Years Amer. Life II. 78 The nativist party, with its secret organization. 1885Lalor tr. Von Holst's Const. Hist. U.S. V. ix. 436 Fillmore..was chosen by the Nativists of Philadelphia as their standard-bearer. 1894Forum July 534 [The South] was full of nativist feeling in its best form.
2. a. Philos. One who holds the doctrine of innate ideas. Also attrib.
1881Nation (N.Y.) XXXII. 191 The Intellectualists and the Sensationalists in vision, or, as Helmholtz prefers to call them, the Empiricists and the Nativists. 1901Chambers's Encycl. VIII. 475/2 The Intuitive or Nativist theory, according to which space is an innate idea.
b. Psychol. and Linguistics. One who holds the doctrine of innate capacities, or of an inherent connection between sound and meaning in language.
1924R. M. Ogden tr. Koffka's Growth of Mind iii. §5. 76 To the empiricist the observed development [of fixation] is regarded as a process of learning; while the nativist regards it as a process of maturation. 1930W. Leopold in J. T. Hatfield et al. Curme Vol. Ling. Stud. 106 It might be possible to find..a tie of union even between views as contrasting as those of Wundt and Marty, of nativists and teleologists, in the philosophy of language. 1971Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. LXXXV. 18 The argument of nativists that the phenomenal experience is not found to be as fluid or flexible as would be expected under an empirical approach.
Hence natiˈvistic a.
1880Nation (N.Y.) 22 Apr., The nativistic tendencies of the Whig party. 1881Le Conte Sight 103 The one is called the nativistic, the other the empiristic theory. 1922O. Jespersen Lang. xxi. 415 A closely related theory is the nativistic, nicknamed the ding-dong, theory, according to which there is a mystic harmony between sound and sense. 1943Amer. Anthropologist XLV. 230 The term ‘nativistic’ has been loosely applied to a rather wide range of phenomena... We may define a nativistic movement as, ‘Any conscious, organized attempt on the part of a society's members to revive or perpetuate selected aspects of its culture’. 1946D. McCarthy in L. Carmichael Manual of Child Psychol. x. 501/2 Sapir..proposes a nativistic theory of phonetic symbolism which has given rise to considerable controversy. 1958F. M. Keesing Cultural Anthropol. xvi. 406 ‘Nativistic’ movements, including the new religious cults spoken of earlier. 1966M. Pei Gloss. Ling. Terminol. 177 Nativistic theory, the view that a mystic harmony or connection exists between sound and meaning, and that human speech is the result of an instinct of primitive man. 1968D. Price-Williams in J. Clifton Introd. Cultural Anthropol. xii. 312/1 The results support the Gestalt position and thus the nativistic viewpoint. 1974Listener 7 Mar. 294/1 A nationalist—or as the officials prefer to call it—‘nativistic’ movement..in the South Pacific. |