| 释义 |
naphthene Chem.|ˈnæfθiːn|
[ad. F. naphtène: in sense a, named by Pelletier & Walter 1840, in Jrnl. de Pharm. XXVI. 561; in sense b, coined afresh by Markovnikov & Oglobine 1884, in Ann. de Chim. et de Physique II. 447; cf. naphtha + -ene.]
†a. A substance formerly thought to represent a liquid hydrocarbon contained in naphtha (now regarded as a mixture of hydrocarbons). Obs.
1849Craig s.v. Naphtha, Native naphtha is composed of three liquids, namely—naphtha.., naphthene.., and napthole [sic]. 1854Thomson Cycl. Chem. 378 Naphthene. C16H16. That portion of mineral naphtha which comes over second in distillation. 1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. 581.
b. Any of a class of saturated cyclic hydrocarbons (including cyclopentane and cyclohexane) that are present in or obtained from petroleum.
1884Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XLVI. 1276 Hydrocarbons of the CnH2n series, called by the authors naphthenes, constitute the principal part of Caucasian petroleum. 1921J. S. Chamberlain Textbk. Org. Chem. 38 The saturated cyclic hydrocarbons known as naphthenes are characteristic of Russian (Baku) petroleum and are also found in that from Galicia. 1951C. R. Noller Chem. Org. Compounds xxxix. 759 The saturated alicyclic hydrocarbons frequently are called cycloparaffins or cyclanes although petroleum technologists usually call them naphthenes because cyclopentane..and cyclohexane..and their homologs have been isolated from the naphtha fraction of petroleum. 1964N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. v. 78 The naphthenes (a term used in the petroleum industry for the cyclic paraffins) are mainly cyclopentane and cyclohexane, and their simple derivatives. |