| 释义 |
mycoplasma Biol.|maɪkəʊˈplæzmə|
Pl. -plasmas, -plasmata.
[mod.L. (J. Nowak 1929, in Ann. de l'Inst. Pasteur XLIII. 1349): see myco- and plasma.]
An individual belonging to the genus Mycoplasma, comprising a group of pleomorphic, Gram-negative organisms which are much smaller than, and lack the cell wall of, bacteria but, unlike viruses, are capable of growth in artificial media, and which in nature are nearly all animal parasites though only a few are proven pathogens; also called a pleuropneumonia-like organism or PPLO.
[1955Internat. Bull. Bacteriol. Nomenclature & Taxonomy V. 15 (heading) Mycoplasma peripneumoniae. Nowak 1929... The generic name Mycoplasma was validly published. The older generic names Asterococcus, Coccobacillus, and Micromyces are unavailable. As next in priority sequence Mycoplasma apparently is, therefore, the legitimate name of the genus... It should be noted that..the later Borrelomyces is more commonly accepted. However, unless some later name is conserved by international action, Mycoplasma probably should be recognized as correct.] 1960Ann. Rev. Microbiol. XIV. 140 (heading) Nutrition, metabolism, and pathogenicity of mycoplasmas. 1963New Scientist 25 Apr. 200/2 We know, too, of organisms (the mycoplasmata) which multiply inside cells. 1970Ambrose & Easty Cell Biol. i. 7 The smallest free-living organisms are the mycoplasmas. These minute cells, the smallest of which are only 1,000 Å in diameter, have been isolated from soil and have been identified as the infective agent in various animal infections. 1971Nature 22 Jan. 231/3 Mycoplasmas also share another important characteristic with bacteria and other cells; they are susceptible to infection by viruses. 1973Times 14 July 1/2 In the United States the term ‘viral pneumonia’ usually means a lung infection with mycoplasma, an organism intermediate between bacteria and viruses.
So mycoˈplasmal a., of, pertaining to, or caused by mycoplasmas.
1960Ann. Rev. Microbiol. XIV. 154 Mycoplasmal infection of the trachea. 1972Science 5 May 504/2 The structure of the mycoplasmal cell. 1974Nature 31 May 422/1 No viral or mycoplasmal contamination was detected. |