| 释义 |
▪ I. moving, vbl. n.|ˈmuːvɪŋ|
Forms: see move v.; also 6 Sc. muyn.
[f. move v. + -ing1.]
1. a. The action of the verb move (in trans. and intr. uses); changing of place or position; stirring, motion, movement.
c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. II. 406 Þes foure wyndis þat Crist spekiþ of moun be foure mevingis of þe eir. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. ix. i. (1495) 345 There ben syxe manere meuynges, that ben callyd generacion, corrupcion, alteracion, augmentacyon, dimynucion and chaungynge of place. 1427Rec. St. Mary at Hill (1905) 67 Payd for certeyne pavynge & mevynge of pewes in the cherche..vij s. ix d. 1570Billingsley Euclid. i. def. ii. 2 A lyne is the mouyng of a pointe. 1610P. Barrough Meth. Physick i. xxix. (1639) 48 Tremor..is a disease which is accompanied with two sundry movings. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. II. 12/2 These forces..are of great power for the moving of any weight. 1850Tennyson In Mem. cxxi, Thou hear'st the village hammer clink, And see'st the moving of the team.
b. spec. The motion of the heavenly bodies. Obs.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 7609 Of þair moveyng þan have yhe no wonder. c1391Chaucer Astrol. Prol., The .4. partie shal ben a theorik to declare the Moeuynge of the celestial bodies. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 12323 The planetys..in ther mevynges. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. (Rolls) I. 87 [He knew the sun's] proper muyn and his mot raptyne. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. ii. 1 Mars his true mouing. 1594Blundevil Exerc. iii. i. viii. (1636) 285 The ninth heaven is..without starres, having two movings, the one from East to West upon the Poles of the world.., and the other from West to East upon his owne Poles.
†c. Bodily movement or gesture. Obs.
1577J. Northbrooke Dicing (1843) 92 Those filthie and vnhonest gestures and mouings of enterlude players. 1602Shakes. Ham. ii. ii. 317 What a piece of worke is a man!..in forme and mouing how expresse and admirable? 1607Markham Caval. ii. (1617) 123 Let him goe and come continuall with easie, soft, and vndisturbing mouings.
†d. Power or faculty of motion. Obs.
1499Caxton Eneydos iv. 29 Lyke a corps..wythoute partycypacion of sensityf moeuynge. 1580Blundevil Order Curing Horses Dis. xvi. 8 Those conduits through which the spirites animall do giue feeling, and moouing to the bodie.
†e. Chess. A move. Obs.
1474Caxton Chesse iv. vii. (1883) 179 One yssue and one mouynge apperteyneth vnto alle the peple [= pawns]. For they may goo fro the poynt they stande in at the first meuynge vnto the thirde poynt right forth to fore them [etc.].
f. moving of the waters: used after John v. 3 for: A stir or excitement, a change or disturbance in the course of events.
[1388Wyclif John v. 3 In these lay a greet multitude..abidynge the mouyng of the watir. (So in all later versions.)] 1900J. A. H. Murray Evol. Eng. Lexicogr. 27 But by the end of the sixteenth century, as by the end of the nineteenth, there was a moving of the waters.
†2. fig. A disturbance or commotion. Obs.
c1450Godstow Reg. 367 They considered..that ther shold come therof, by the occasion of such maner of discencion, not all-only dyuerse mevyngis, but also..harmes and expensis.
3. The action of prompting, instigating, etc.; † an inward prompting or impulse (= motion n. 9).
c1386Chaucer Melib. ⁋273 Youre conseil..ne sholde nat..be called a conseillyng, but a mocion or a moeuyng of folye. c1450Mirour Saluacioun 4265 Oure wille and oure movinges knawes he wele evry whitte. 1502W. Atkynson tr. De Imitatione iii. lix. 249 Se thou gyue hede dylygentlye vnto the mouynges of nature & grace. a1716South Serm. (1744) XI. viii. 190 He also suffers by the movings and yearnings of his own compassion.
4. Fencing, etc. (see quot.). ? Obs.
1747J. Godfrey Sci. Defence 31 The going down to the Leg..is done after receiving or moving... Receiving is the stopping our Adversary's Blow first, and then going to his Leg: Moving is going down without receiving, but taking care before you go down, to move his Sword out of the Line. Ibid. 32 It is a difficult Matter for him to..guard against your little or no notice-giving Movings and going down.
5. attrib.: moving business, moving-van; † moving-bell (see quot.); Moving Day, (a) U.S. the first of May, being the usual day in New York for household removals (Schele de Vere Americanisms, 1872, p. 92); also (with lower-case initials), any other day on which people move to new premises; (b) Mil. a day on which a regiment or troops are on the march; moving-man N. Amer. = mover1 6.
c1760Nollekens in J. T. Smith Life (1828) I. 54 The Moving-bell..goes when they move a body out of one parish to the next.
1973Times 23 Oct. (Pickfords Suppl.) 1 Three hundred years experience in the moving business has helped keep Pickfords the biggest name in household removals.
1832J. F. Watson Hist. Tales N.-Y. 123 ‘Moving day’ was, as now, the first of May. 1855Knickerbocker XLV. 585 In the southern part of New-Jersey, one who rents or purchases a house or farm usually takes possession of the same on the twenty-fifth day of the present month [sc. March], which is therefore denominated ‘moving-day’. 1897Cavalry Tactics ii. 7 It is better to lengthen the marches on the moving days than to omit the rest day. 1947Pasadena (Calif.) Star-News 9 Sept. 16/6 Moving days are ahead for several county departments in the Hall of Records and Hall of Justice, Los Angeles. 1973Moving day [see moving-man below].
1922H. L. Foster Adventures Trop. Tramp xii. 179 While he shipped the furniture from the old place, I was to go down to the new one to see that the moving-men stole none of it en route. 1965M. McIntyre Place of Quiet Waters ii. 29 ‘How right you are, Miss,’ said the moving-man. 1973National Observer (U.S.) 3 Feb., When our moving men finally showed up (‘removals’ in their business, whether you are coming or going, and on moving day we hardly knew which we were) we received another language lesson.
1898Kansas City (Missouri) Star 21 Dec. 9/2 The moving vans and pie-wagons of New York are changing their pictures. 1925T. Dreiser Amer. Trag. (1926) II. iii. xxvii. 334 A venal moving-van company had revealed her address. 1963PMLA Dec. p. vii/2 U.K. removals lorry: U.S. moving van.
▪ II. moving, ppl. a.|ˈmuːvɪŋ|
[f. move v. + -ing2.]
1. a. That moves (in intransitive senses); that passes from one place to another; capable of moving, or of being moved; not fixed or stationary.
In quot. c 1386 firste moevyng may be absol. = primum mobile, in apposition with firmament.
c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 197 O firste moeuyng crueel firmament. c1400Mandeville (1839) xxviii. 282 Dreadfulle Eyen, that ben evere more mevynge and sparklynge, as Fuyr. 1605Shakes. Macb. v. v. 38 Within this three Mile you may see it comming, I say, a mouing Groue. 1683Moxon Mech. Exerc., Printing xii. ⁋6 Extend the moving Foot of your Compasses where it will fall in the Circle, and make there a Mark. 1798Coleridge Anc. Mar. iv. x, The moving Moon went up the sky, And nowhere did abide. 1859FitzGerald tr. Omar li, The Moving Finger writes; and, having writ, Moves on. 1882Minchin Unipl. Kinemat. 32 Path of a moving point relatively to a moving plane.
absol.c1391Chaucer Astrol. i. §17 This equinoxial is cleped the girdel of the firste moeving. 1594R. Ashley tr. Loys le Roy 125 b, They which in times past beheld the heauens, found but few mouings, and could scarce perceiue ten.
b. moving plant: the Indian plant Desmodium gyrans, in which the leaflets are constantly moving.
1787tr. Linnæus' Fam. Plants I. p. xix, The Moving plant (Hedysarum movens). 1866Treas. Bot. 395/1.
c. fig. Unstable, changeful.
1560Rolland Crt. Venus Prol. 61 For he that hes of the Air the nature, Is oft muifand, licht, merie, with plesure. 1599Pass. Pilgr. xv, The morning rise Doth scite each mouing scence from Idle rest. 1712–14Pope Rape Lock i. 100 The moving Toyshop of their heart.
d. That progresses, or moves forward.
1903Morley Gladstone II. v. i. 4 Austria, in turn, was far too slow for a moving age.
2. That moves (in transitive senses).
a. That causes or produces motion.
1659J. Leak Waterwks. 8 The more the moving force is distant from the center of motion, so much the more force it shall have. 1822J. Imison Sci. & Art I. 52 The motion of machines must be excited and kept up by some cause which is called the moving power. 1838Keble Serm. ix. (1848) 245 Which, had she been free and erect she might have achieved by her own moving force applied to her own machinery.
b. transf. That originates, causes, instigates, or actuates.
c1489Caxton Blanchardyn xx. 65 Concedere you not that ye be occasion, and the cause mouyng of thassemble of the ostis that are for your towne, and of the shedyng of bloode that procedeth therof. 1682Enq. Elect. Sheriffs 38 Nor may it be amiss briefly here to unfold both the first occasion of, and the moving Reason unto it. 1724De Foe Mem. Cavalier (1840) 172 The great moving men began to go out of town. 1833J. H. Newman Arians v. i. (1876) 353 The error..of mistaking whatever shows itself on the surface of the Apostolic Community..for the real moving principle and life of the system. 1902R. Lovett Jas. Chalmers ii. 46 He was a moving spirit in fun and mischief.
c. That touches, or has power to touch, the feelings; that affects or influences the mind.
1591Shakes. Two Gent. v. iv. 55 If the gentle spirit of mouing words Can no way change you to a milder forme; Ile wooe you like a Souldier. 1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe 5 The delectablest lustie sight and mouingest obiect, me thought it was that our Ile sets forth. 1658Sir H. Slingsby Diary (1836) 220 Sure I am that the dying words of an affectionate Father cannot but fasten deeper, and retain a Memory longer then the speech of the movingst Orator. 1726Swift Gulliver ii. viii, I..begged, by all that was moving, to be delivered out of the Dungeon I was in. 1837Mrs. Carlyle Lett. (1883) I. 67 Mrs. Marsh, the moving authoress of the ‘Old Man's Tales’. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 367 How he produced his children in court, which was a moving spectacle.
d. Of a question: Exciting public interest.
1907Outlook 23 Mar. 390/1 His subject..is one of the moving questions of our time.
3. Special collocations: moving average, an average derived from a series of values in which the interval contributing to it is of constant size but is moved progressively along the series (usually one value at a time) to give a succession of averages; moving-coil attrib., denoting electrical instruments and apparatus in which a coil of wire is situated in a magnetic field, so that either the coil moves when a current flows through it or else a current is generated when it is caused to move; similarly moving-conductor; moving-iron attrib., denoting electrical instruments and apparatus in which the passage of a current through a fixed coil of wire causes the movement of a piece of iron inside it; moving map, a map carried in a ship, aircraft, etc., which is displayed so that as the craft moves its position always corresponds to a fixed point in the middle of the map; moving pavement, a section of pavement arranged as a conveyer belt for the carrying of passengers; moving stair(case), an escalator; also fig.; moving-target attrib., applied to radar apparatus or techniques which give an indication only of targets moving relative to the transmitter, signals from stationary targets being eliminated.
1912W. I. King Elem. Statistical Method xv. 168 In determining on the size of groups to be used in calculating a moving average, one should use a period of time approximately equal to the length of the cycle which it is desired to eliminate. 1969J. Argenti Managem. Techniques 174 If demand for a product over the past four weeks has been for 20, 23, 19, 19 units respectively, the average demand has been for 20 units. Now suppose another week passes in which the demand is 22 units, the new moving average is 20·5. This is calculated by dropping the earliest figure (20), adding the latest (22) and averaging again.
1896W. E. Ayrton Pract. Electr. (new ed.) I. ii. 144 A very convenient, portable and accurate moving coil ammeter has been perfected by Mr. Weston, of Newark, America. 1903G. D. A. Parr Electr. Engin. Measuring Instruments iii. 106 The ammeters belonging to the class of moving coil instrument measure current indirectly by indicating the fall of potential down a low-resistance ‘shunt’. 1930Manch. Guardian 20 Sept. 15/7 Moving-coil loud speakers are, of course, strongly in evidence. 1933L. E. C. Hughes Elem. Engin. Acoustics v. 77 The three forms of diaphragm action are incorporated respectively in the condenser (Wente) microphone, the moving-coil (Sykes) microphone, and the ribbon (Olson) microphone. 1968Radio Communication Handbk. (ed. 4) ix. 12/2 A miniature moving-coil loudspeaker can sometimes be made to serve as a fairly satisfactory microphone.
1933K. Henney Radio Engin. Handbk. xvi. 421 These have practically been superseded by the moving conductor drive (principally electrodynamic) and the larger portion of all loud-speakers in use today are of this type. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. VIII. 360/2 A moving conductor microphone consists of a straight-line conductor located in a magnetic field and coupled to a V-shaped diaphragm acted upon by sound waves.
1908K. Edgcumbe Industr. Electr. Measuring Instruments 27 One of the simplest windings to calculate is that of an ammeter coil such as would be used for a moving-iron instrument. 1940A. Wood Acoustics xviii. 529 The large diaphragm required in lieu of a horn may also be driven by an arrangement of the ‘moving iron’ type. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. XIV. 372/2 The moving-iron instrument, like the electrodynamic voltmeter, when properly calibrated indicates true rms volts. 1969Daily Tel. 6 Mar. 18 The former Ministry of Aviation applied for Patent No. 926448 in 1960 to cover the moving map developed by that Ministry. 1969Sunday Tel. 30 Mar. 1/4 Throughout the world more than 13,500 ships, 2,000 aircraft and some 1,000 helicopters use Decca navigation equipment including many ‘moving map’ displays. 1970New Scientist 12 Mar. 508/2 The aircraft's position at any instant is shown by a spot of light at the centre of a six-inch moving-map display, showing the area over which the aircraft is flying.
1960Times Rev. Industry Apr. 28/1 Passenger-carrying conveyor belt..known as moving pavements. 1971Guardian 22 June 6/6 Passenger conveyor systems, popularly known as moving pavements, could become a major form of city transport.
1922Moving stair [see escalate v. 1]. 1940L. MacNeice Last Ditch 12 And two people with the one pulse (Somebody stopped the moving stairs): Time was away and somewhere else.
1910Moving staircase [see escalator 1]. 1927Haldane & Huxley Animal Biol. xiii. 309 The gill cilia are so arranged that all food-particles strained off by the gills are driven up to the dorsal groove. Here they become entangled and stuck in the slime, and are passed on by this sort of moving staircase to be digested in the intestine. 1959Chambers's Encycl. V. 389/1 The escalator or moving staircase was originally developed in America; it was exhibited at the Paris Exposition in 1900, and the first to be installed in Britain (in 1911) was at Earl's Court station, London.
1953Penrose & Boulding Princ. & Pract. Radar (ed. 4) xxiv. 645 The principles on which moving target indication and permanent echo cancellation work. 1966E. Larsen Radar works like This (rev. ed.) 39 An important advance in airport radar is the ‘moving target indicator’.., a type of radar equipment which shows only moving aircraft on the PPI. 1972A. Sundarababu Fund. Radar xviii. 485 (heading) Moving target indication. |