| 释义 |
mosque|mɒsk|
Forms: 4 moseak, moseache; 6 muskey, muskaye, 6–7 mosquee, 7 moschy, -ee, -ie, -ey, muskie, mos'keh, moskuee, moski(e, -ee, mosquy, mozki, 7 mosquey; 6–7 moschea, 7 muskia; 7 mosquo, mosco, moscho; 7 moseque, 7–8 mosch(e, 8–9 mosk, 6– mosque.
[In 16th c. mosquee (later shortened to mosque), a. F. mosquée, a. It. moschea (whence G. moschee), a. Arab. masgid (so pronounced in N. Africa; elsewhere masjid), f. sagada (sajada) to worship.
Cf. early mod.F. mosquete, Sp. mezquita, Pg. mesquita, It. meschita (see mesquita1). Eng. writers have occas. used forms directly taken from Arabic, as masjid, mosged, muschid. Some of the forms above are from Italian; the precise history of the forms in Mandeville is obscure.]
1. A Muslim temple or place of worship.
c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxv. 114 Þaire tempill, þe whilk es called Moseak [ed. 1839 xxii. 232 Moseache]. 1511Guylforde's Pilgr. (Camden) 50 The Sarrasyns wyll suffre no man to come into this place..bycause it is theyr muskey. 1544in Lett. & Pap. Hen. VIII, XIX. ii. 452 [The Turk made offers in his] muskaye. 1551Thomas tr. Barbaro's Trav. Persia (1873) 10 He..was lodged in an auncient Moschea. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xii. 13 b, A very faire and sumptuous Mosquee. Ibid. Table 164 b, S. Sophia and other Mosques of Constantinople. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1638) 341 The Temple of S. Sophia..(now reduced vnto the form of a Mahometan Moschy,..)is most beautifull. 1609W. Biddulph in T. Lavender Trav. (1612) 105 There is built in the place thereof [Temple at Jerusalem] a Muskia or Turkish Church. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xxii. §4 (1617) 249 Demolishing their Moschees. Ibid. iii. ix. 325 Mahomet..therefore appointed publike Prayers in all the Mosques of his dominion. 1624Sir T. Roe Negotiations (1740) 343 The building of so many Mahometan moschyes. 1628Robson News fr. Aleppo 16 The Courts of their Mos'kehs or Churches. 1632Lithgow Trav. vi. 279 The Viccario shewed vs a little Moskee, kept by Turkes. 1648W. Browne Polex. iv. ii. 191 The daily denying my ransomer in the Mosquo of his adversary. a1659Osborn Observ. Turks Wks. (1673) 297 By which means such Baths and Moscos are erected. a1668R. Lassels Voy. Italy ii. (1670) 31 The great Moski at Fez. 1673Lady's Call. i. v. §49 The present Mahometans..permit none to sit in their moschos. 1696tr. Du Mont's Voy. Levant 157 Sancta Sophia, which was formerly a Christian Church, and is now a Turkish Mosquee. 1717Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to Abbé Conti 1 Apr., They..go to the mosques on Fridays and the church on Sundays. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. lxviii. VI. 509 The same model was imitated in the jami or royal moschs. 1828Landor Imag. Conv., Soliman & Mufti Wks. (1853) I. 355/1 My commands are,..that praises be offered up in every mosk. 1877A. B. Edwards Up Nile ii. 30 A Mahommedan mosque is as much a place of refuge and rest as of prayer. 1896H. C. Trumbull Threshold Covenant i. iv. 37 A Muhammadan is always careful to put his right foot first in crossing over the threshold of a mosk.
b. the mosque: Those who worship in mosques; the body of Muslims.
1779Burke Corr. (1844) II. 270, I could not justify to myself to give to the synagogue, the mosque, or the pagoda, the language which your pulpits so liberally bestow upon a great part of the Christian world. 1856R. A. Vaughan Mystics I. 326 Those Sufis who proclaimed the difference between the Church and the Mosque of little moment.
2. attrib. (or adj.) and Comb., as mosque-lamp, mosque-tower, mosque worship; mosque-like adj. Also mosque Gothic, ? a variety of Gothic influenced by Saracenic architecture.
1753H. Walpole Let. to Chute 4 Aug., The style has a propensity to the Venetian or *mosque Gothic.
1900Daily News 7 Apr. 5/5 A *mosque lamp that is 14th century Arab work.
1857S. Osborn Quedah xx. 274 In the centre of the town a *mosquelike building rose amongst the trees.
1892E. Reeves Homeward Bound 224 At 9 p.m. a Moor ascends to the top of the *mosque tower and calls the hour of prayer.
1711Shaftesbury Charac. (1737) I. 26 There is hardly now in the world so good a Christian..who, if he happen'd to live at Constantinople, or elsewhere under the protection of the Turks, wou'd think it fitting or decent to give any disturbance to their *mosque-worship.
Hence mosqued a., abounding in mosques; ˈmosquelet, a little mosque; ˈmosquish a., resembling, pertaining to, characteristic of, a mosque.
1902F. Thompson in Academy 12 Apr. 378/1 The mosquèd Cairene. 1888Cornh. Mag. June 374 A tiny domed mosquelet in a close-set hedge of prickly pear. 1813Forsyth Rem. Excurs. Italy 362 A roof hooded all over with mosquish cupolas. |