| 释义 |
monophyletic, a.|mɒnəʊfaɪˈlɛtɪk|
[f. Gr. µόνο-ς mono- + ϕυλετικ-ός, f. ϕυλέτης tribesman, f. ϕυλή tribe.]
Pertaining to one family or race or to descent from a single prototypal form. Hence moˈnophyly (see quot. 1961).
1874Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. XIV. 247 Monophyletic stem-structure of the Animal Kingdom. 1875tr. Schmidt's Desc. & Darw. 325 The so-called monophyletic hypothesis, according to which the different families of organisms are derived from a single primordial form. 1879tr. Haeckel's Evol. Man I. 247 My Gastraea Theory, on which I base the monophyletic genealogy of the animal kingdom. 1927N. P. Williams Ideas of Fall viii. 516 The ‘monophyletic’ theory of the origin of humanity (that is, the view which regards the whole of mankind as descended from a single pair of ancestors). 1945G. G. Simpson in Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. LXXXV. 17/1 It is not useful to set up a classification in which groups with different names cannot be distinguished morphologically, but this does happen if theoretical monophyly is too strictly demanded. 1946Nature 16 Nov. 719/1 This clear distinction between the genera at so deep a level in the Palæocene is not suggestive of a monophyletic origin for the family. 1953E. Mayr et al. Methods & Princ. Systematic Zool. iii. 41 One of the objects of taxonomists in the post-Darwinian period was to construct a classification of animals composed of monophyletic groups. 1961G. G. Simpson Princ. Animal Taxonomy iv. 124 Monophyly is the derivation of a taxon through one or more lineages (temporal successions of ancestral-descendant populations) from one immediately ancestral taxon of the same or lower rank. 1963Davis & Heywood Princ. Angio-sperm Taxonomy ii. 46 It is a widely expressed principle that taxonomic groups (at least above the species level) should be monophyletic. 1969E. Mayr Princ. Systematic Zool. iv. 75 The issue of monophyly has been confounded by various confusions. |