| 释义 |
monomolecular, a.|mɒnəʊməˈlɛkjʊlə(r)|
[f. mono- 1 + molecular a.]
a. Composed of or pertaining to a single molecule or single molecules.
1877Chem. News 23 Mar. 124/1 (heading) On the monomolecular unit of volume for gases and vapours. 1915Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. XXXVII. 191 The anhydride of betaine, (CH3)3NCH2CO2, has the structure of a salt, but no one seems to have determined whether this is monomolecular or dimolecular. 1974Biochim. & Biophys. Acta CCCXLVI. 79 (heading) A monomolecular electron transfer chain.
b. In chemical kinetics: having or pertaining to an order or a molecularity of one. Cf. unimolecular a.
1899Jrnl. Franklin Inst. CXLVII. 469 Another classical case of the monomolecular reaction is the decomposition of arsine. 1935J. N. Friend Text-bk. Physical Chem. II. iii. 56 Radioactive transformations..provide the only known examples of true monomolecular reactions. Ibid. 81 As the solvent and catalyst molecules remain virtually constant in amount, many reactions that really are polymolecular are found to conform to the requirements of the monomolecular law. 1943Sumner & Somers Chem. & Methods of Enzymes i. 13 In most instances enzyme reactions classed as monomolecular are only approximately so. 1973Biol. Abstr. LV. 2244/1 The monomolecular reaction equation gives a good fit to disease progress curve in the field within the primary infection period.
c. Of a film or layer: being one molecule in thickness.
1917Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. XXXIX. 1904 On cooling these surfaces to liquid air temperature the surfaces become covered with a monomolecular layer. 1931Jrnl. Physical Chem. XXXV. 859 If a mono-molecular layer of gas is adsorbed at 300°C while the volume is kept constant the pressure increase will be about 8 mm. 1941Ann. Reg. 1940 353 The remarkable properties of monomolecular films of certain organic liquids spread over water, mercury, or gallium. 1965B. E. Freeman tr. Vandel's Biospeleology xviii. 317 It is the monomolecular waxy layer which makes the integument of terrestrial arthropods impermeable to water. |