| 释义 |
monkish, a.|ˈmʌŋkɪʃ|
[f. monk n.1 + -ish.]
1. Of or belonging to monks; monastic.
1546Bale Eng. Votaries i. (1548) 42 b, Those .ii. hornes of that earthly Beast were here in Englande, the .ii. monkysh sectes that in those dayes fyrst entered. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 59 Men must be warned that they suffre not them selves to be bounden to Monkish vowes. 1587T. Norton's Calvin's Inst. iv. xiii. 422 b, Only monkish life [is] termed perfection in the Papacie. 1617Moryson Itin. iii. 212 Monkish vowes being against the word of God. 1781Cowper Charity 43 Where wast thou then, sweet Charity?.. Wast thou in monkish cells and nunn'ries found? 1840Dickens Old C. Shop i, Fantastic carvings brought from monkish cloisters. 1843Borrow Bible in Spain iii, Most of these men spoke of priestcraft and the monkish system with the utmost abhorrence. 1869McLaren Serm. Ser. ii. vi. 104 Sometimes you will find in an old monkish library the fair vellum that [etc.].
b. That is a monk.
1697T. Smith in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 243 The life of this Great Saint, written by an old Monkish author. 1859C. Barker Assoc. Princ. iii. 72 A Latin history..written..by a monkish historian, known as Geoffrey of Monmouth. 1881Warren Celtic Liturgy 56 A monkish pilgrim from the city of Constantinople.
c. Used, executed, or performed by monks.
1612Selden Illustr. Drayton's Poly-olb. ix. 147 He..is affirmed the same with Ine K. of Westsex in our Monkish Chronicles. 1646Evelyn Mem. (1819) I. 229 A MS. in y⊇ old Monkish character. a1761Cawthorn Antiquarians 62 Wrapp'd in a leaf of monkish Latin. 1833Chalmers in Mem. (1851) III. 410 Mr. Sparke..invited me to the palace to see an old monkish painting. 1838Murray's Hand-bk. N. Germ. etc. 63 [Utrecht is] in monkish Latin Ultra Trajectum, whence comes its modern name.
d. Suited to an establishment of monks.
1791W. Gilpin Forest Scenery II. 144 The situation of Beaulieu-abbey is..perhaps more monkish, than could easily have been found in the neighbourhood.
2. Resembling a monk or what pertains to a monk.
1577tr. Bullinger's Decades (1592) 884 The greatest part of these monkish priests, doe nothing else but sing in the Church, and mumble masse. 1581Hanmer Answ. Jesuit's Challenge To Rdr. 2 In weede monkish, frierish, priestly and Pharisaicall. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. i. Wks. 1856 I. 14 A thinne lippe, and a little monkish eye. 1645Milton Colast. Wks. 1851 IV. 365 The exposition..is the receav'd Exposition by all lerned men, unless it bee a Monkish Papist heer and there. 1849Dickens Dav. Copp. xxiii, ‘What is a proctor, Steerforth?’..‘Why, he is a sort of monkish attorney’. 1882–3Schaff's Encycl. Relig. Knowl. II. 917 He lived like a monk... He was not monkish, though.
3. Characteristic of monks or the monastic system; chiefly in depreciatory sense, having the evil characteristics, features, or tendencies attributed to monasticism.
1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 231 By this and such other Monkish partes of theirs, you may see Quid otium & cibus faciat alienus. 1591Troub. Raigne K. John (1611) To Gentlem. Rdrs. 70 Fond rashnesse murdreth first a Prince, And Monkish falsenesse poysneth last a King. 1625N. Carpenter Geog. Del. ii. vii. (1635) 126 In such a Monkish age.—the most petty Inuentions were admired for great matters. 1641Milton Animadv. Wks. 1851 III. 190 Your Monkish prohibitions, and expurgatorious indexes. 1695Kennett Par. Antiq. Pref. (end), There be some, who slight and despise this sort of Learning, and represent it to be a dry, barren, Monkish studie. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. 149 This Gothic and monkish education. 1813Shelley Notes to Q. Mab Poet. Wks. (1891) 44/1 Chastity is a monkish and evangelical superstition. 1863Ruskin Munera P. Wks. 1872 II. 4 The monkish doctrine of the opposition of body to soul. 1864Burton Scot Abr. II. i. 68 He..is a monkish, bookish person, who meddles with nothing but literature.
Hence ˈmonkishness.
1882in Ogilvie. 1900Daily News 27 July 4/6 The monkishness of Henry the Sixth's portrait.
Add: ˈmonkishly adv., in the manner of a monk; also fig.
1934in Webster 1980Christian Science Monitor 2 Apr. 17/4 Freddy, the eponymous author of ‘Freddy's Book’, is an 8-foot-tall giant of a boy, grotesquely overweight, monkishly reclusive, bookishly self-protective. 1984N.Y. Times 20 May VII. 45/1 Local fiction..has more and more closeted itself monkishly away in worship of its own liturgies—of its own literariness. 1994Observer 27 Mar. 19/1 An earnest, likeable man, he monkishly declines campaign contributions over $500. |