| 释义 |
monilia Bot. and Med.|məˈnɪlɪə|
Also Monilia. Pl. monilia, -iæ, -ias.
[mod.L., f. L. monile, necklace, in allusion to the chains of spores.]
A fungus belonging to the genus Monilia, which now (properly) consists only of imperfect forms of Sclerotinia and Neurospora, several of which cause plant diseases, but formerly included some species (now assigned to Candida) which are important human pathogens. Also attrib.
1751J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. II. 69 Monilia is a genus of Fungi, consisting of a pedicle supporting a number of naked seeds, arranged in series like the beads of a necklace. The Monilia all produce distinct male and female flowers... [Micheli] has..divided this genus into two, under the names of Botrytis and Aspergillus; but the differences, this division are founded upon, are rather specific than generical; we have therefore arranged them all together under one genus. 1916Jrnl. Trop. Med. & Hygiene XIX. 89/1 White, creamy, roundish colonies, characteristic of a monilia, developed within twenty-four hours. 1920Lancet 17 Apr. 851/2 The 20°C. incubator in which the collection of monilias was kept. 1932Jrnl. Infectious Dis. L. 75 Various types of moniliae. 1950Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 13 May 215/2 A pyoderma in which Monilia may be present merely as saprophytes. 1968J. H. Burn Lect. Notes Pharmacol. (ed. 9) 112 In extreme cases there may be a fatal septicaemia due to monilia. 1975C. A. Thorold Diseases of Cocoa iii. 27 Monilia disease is confined to the north-west of South America and the adjacent part of Central America.
So moˈnilial a., of, caused by, or pertaining to a monilia or moniliæ; moˈnilioid a., resembling a fungus of this type.
1928Mycologia XX. 127 (title) The monilioid species of Sclerotinia. 1947Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 20 Sept. 192/2 (heading) Iodine treatment in monilial infections. 1951Ibid. 27 Jan. 207/1 (heading) Monilial infections complicating the therapeutic use of antibiotics. Ibid. 208/1 A severe monilial esophagitis. 1973Nature 28 Sept. 214/1 Specimens of clinically uninflamed gingiva were cultured with the addition of nystatin..to prevent monilial over⁓growth. 1974Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Studies III. xiii. 13/1 Trichomonal and monilial infections should be excluded by the examination of smears of vaginal exudate [in the treatment of vulvovaginitis]. |