| 释义 |
modernist, n. and a.|ˈmɒdənɪst|
[f. modern a. + -ist1. Cf. mod.L. modernista (Luther), F. moderniste.]
†1. A modern. Obs.
1588J. Harvey Disc. Probl. 106 Likewise..of sundry other neotericall mathematicians and modernists. 1592G. Harvey Pierce's Super. 182 The witt of this, & that odd Modernist, is their owne.
2. a. A supporter or follower of modern ways or methods; in the 18th c., a maintainer of the superiority of modern over ancient literature.
1704Swift T. Tub ix. Wks. 1751 I. 138 That his [Mr. Wotton's] Brain hath undergone an unlucky shake; which even his Brother Modernists themselves, like Ungrates, do whisper so loud, that it reaches up to the very Garret I am now writing in. 1864Daily Tel. 8 June, Those Guelphs and Ghibellines of art, the modernists and the mediævalists. 1874Ruskin Val D'Arno (1886) 9 Behold, the Christians despising the Dunce Greeks, as the Infidel modernists despise the Dunce Christians.
b. attrib. (quasi-adj.)
1848Kingsley Yeast v, That vile modernist naturalism is creeping back even into our painted glass.
3. In education, one who advocates the teaching of modern subjects (including modern languages) rather than that of the ancient classics.
1856J. Grote in Camb. Ess. 99 Let us survey the state of the attack upon it [sc. classical study] first by Patriots, and then by Modernists. 1905Jrnl. Educ. Apr. 266/1 The presumption that the pure classicist would be degraded or contaminated by admixture with the modernist unregenerated by Greek.
4. Theol. One who inclines to, supports, or advocates theological modernism. Also attrib. or as adj.
1907tr. Pius X's Encyclical Let. Doctrines Modernists 6 It is one of the cleverest devices of the Modernists (as they are commonly and rightly called) to present their doctrines without order and systematic arrangement. 1918M. D. Petre Modernism v. 101 These words are not written in a spirit of hostility to the Catholic modernist position. 1920W. Sanday Divine Overruling 67, I do not disclaim the name of Modernist. The name describes justly what I aim at being. I aim at thinking the thoughts and speaking the language of my own day, and yet at the same time keeping all that is essential in the religion of the past. 1923Edin. Rev. Jan. 62 Roman Modernists took Newman's doctrine of development. 1931J. S. Huxley What dare I Think? vii. 228 Accounts of God which are as modernist as could be desired. 1970Times 19 Aug. 10/8 The appointment of another avowed Modernist with a strong sense of the Church and a flair for knowing men, proved to be the eirenic answer. 1972L. F. Barmann Baron F. von Hügel & Modernist Crisis in Eng. p. ix, Modernists have been concerned to defend themselves and their aims, and anti-modernists have been equally concerned to justify the conduct of the Roman authorities and the positions of Roman theologians.
5. An artist, architect, writer, etc., whose work is characterized by modernism (see modernism 4). Also attrib. or as adj.
1927F. J. Mather Hist. Mod. Painting 372 Modernist pictures are becoming discreet, almost cautiously monotonous in colour. Ibid. 373 In comparison the Modernists have attained nothing of the coherence or authority of a school. 1934R. Blomfield Modernismus vii. 125 The Modernist seems to glory in his own obscurity. Ibid. 132 In these Modernist works there is no brushwork worth looking at. 1935H. G. Wells Things to Come xii. 99 One sits on a chair of modernist form. (All furniture is metallic.) 1937S. W. Cheney World Hist. Art (1938) xxviii. 862 This wing of modernists—with Cézanne as their prime exhibit—brought in the familiar studio talk about form as the indispensable creative force in painting. 1961Listener 23 Nov. 863/1 Rosenberg, unlike the modernists, does not go in for phanopoeia or free association. 1963Ibid. 21 Mar. 518/1 The writers were, in a sense, traitors in the modernist camp.
6. One who plays, appreciates, or supports modern jazz (see modern a. 3 a). Also attrib. or as adj.
1955J. Prentice in A. J. McCarthy Jazzbook 1955 105 As I understand that the traditional field will be covered in another article I will confine myself to the modernists. 1958V. Bellerby in P. Gammond Duke Ellington ii. 143 Such extensions and developments only lead to a destruction of its [sc. Jazz's] real and lasting value, as has unquestionably happened with some of the more involved modernist experiments. 1962Sunday Times (Colour Suppl.) 10 June 3 The strange division between the extrovert ‘traditionalists’..and the very different avant garde ‘modernists’ (whose idol is the revoluntionary Charlie Parker). |