| 释义 |
▪ I. † misˈdeem, n. Obs.
[prob. f. next, but cf. deem n.]
Misjudgement.
1593Lyly in Phœnix Nest Wks. (1902) III. 477 Such life leads Loue entangled with misdeemes. 1602Warner Alb. Eng. xii. lxxv. 313 What should we say his Ioy, that his Mis-deemes did sort to this?
▪ II. misˈdeem, v. Now chiefly arch. and poet.
(See also misdain.)
[mis-1 1. Cf. ON. misdœ́ma.]
1. trans. To form an unfavourable judgement of, think evil of. Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xi. (Symon & Iudas) 370 Ws afferis til helpe saklas men, bot to mysdeme na man kene. [Leg. Aur. Nocentes perdere non decet.] 1509Barclay Shyp of Folys (1570) 63 When he by gelousy His wife suspecteth..Or her misdeemeth, and kepeth in straitly. a1529Skelton Bouge of Court 137 The seconde was Suspecte, which that dayly Mysdempte eche man. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. vii. 49 Till all unweeting an Enchaunter..made him to misdeeme My loyalty. Ibid. iii. x. 29 As much disdeigning to be so misdempt, Or a war-monger to be basely nempt. 1628Gaule Pract. Theories (1629) 96 His Iealousie hasts not to reuenge, while he cannot but misdeeme her. 1767Lewis Statius ii. 370 He..saw his Friends misdeem'd in Crouds resort, To bask beneath the Sunshine of the Court.
†2. intr. To form an unfavourable judgement, think ill (of). Obs.
1388Wyclif Num. xiv. 11 How long schal this puple bacbite me [gloss, ether mysdeme of me]? 1496Dives & Pauper (W. de W.) i. xlv. 86/2 To mysdeme of his euen crysten. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Matt. i. 19 True honesty is neyther redy to misdeme, nor hasty to reuenge. 1671Milton P.R. i. 424 What but thy malice mov'd thee to misdeem Of righteous Job.
3. To have a wrong opinion of, be mistaken in one's view of.
c1384Chaucer H. Fame 92 That take hit [sc. my tale] wel, and scorne hit noght, Ne hit misdemen in her thoght. 1570Henry's Wallace ii. 352 Be war that ȝe do nocht misdeme my taille. 1593G. Fletcher Licia To Rdr., Men unfitte to knowe what love meanes; deluded fondlie with their owne conceit, misdeeming so divine a fancie. 1616Breton Invect. agst. Treason (Grosart) 5/2 Where Wisdomes care can neuer truthe misdeeme. 1677Gilpin Demonol. (1867) 257 Though such men are under God's favour, yet they misdeem it, and think God is angry with them. 1784Cowper Task iv. 685 Hence too the field of glory, as the world misdeems it. 1848Lytton Harold ii. ii, Nor misdeem me, that I, humble, unmitred priest, should be thus bold. 1875Lowell Under Old Elm viii, If ever with distempered voice or pen We have misdeemed thee, here we take it back.
b. trans. To suppose (a person or thing) erroneously to be (something else); to mistake (a thing) for another.
1667Dryden Secr. Love v. Wks. 1701 I. 185 My grace to Philocles mis-deem'd my Love! 1802Wordsw. Sonn., ‘Desponding Father’, Misdeem it not a cankerous change. 1829Southey All for Love vi. xxiv, Thy thoughts possest With one too painful theme, Their own imaginations For reality misdeem. 1872A. de Vere Leg. St. Patrick, St. P. at Cashel 65 Demons misdeemed for gods.
c. with adj. or phr. as compl.
1835Trench Sonnet ‘Look, dearest, what a glory’, If, having shared the light, we should misdeem That light our own. 1852Robertson Serm. Ser. iv. xxxviii. (1863) 291 As if some poor miserable minister or teacher, rejoicing over his success, were to misdeem the work his own. 1885–94R. Bridges Eros & Psyche Mar. 1. ii, The wealth which men misdeem of much avail.
4. To form a wrong judgement (of); to hold a mistaken opinion.
a1300Cursor M. 27742 Wreth..Flites, scendes and misdenisse [c 1375 Fairf. fliting shindis & misdemis; a 1400Cott. Galba It makes fliteing and misdemes] Man aun wiit it fra him cleuisse [other texts flemis]. c1386Chaucer Merch. T. 1166 He that misconceyveth, he misdemeth. a1618Sylvester Wks. (Grosart) II. 335/1 Then doome not rashly, lest you may misdeem. 1629H. Burton Truth's Triumph 225 Misdeeming and doubting of the remission of sinnes. 1667Milton P.L. ix. 301 Misdeem not then, If such affront I labour to avert From thee alone, which [etc.]. 1779Mason Eng. Garden iii. 536 Whom elder Thales, and the Bard of Thebes Held first of things terrestrial; nor misdeem'd. 1791Cowper Iliad i. 528, I..much misdeem Of my endeavour, or my prayer shall speed. 1814Cary Dante, Hell xxxii. 118 Farther on, If I misdeem not, Soldanieri bides. Ibid., Paradise xxvi. 73 At his sudden waking, he misdeems Of all around him. 1839Wordsw. Mem. Tour Scotl. 1803 iii, Leaving each unquiet theme Where gentlest judgments may misdeem. 1884Bible (R.V.) Deut. xxxii. 27 Lest their adversaries should misdeem.
b. To suppose mistakenly.
1596Spenser State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 609/1, I will rather thinke the cause of this evill..to proceede rather of the unsoundness of the Counsells..which [etc.]..then of any such..appoyntment of God, as you misdeeme. 1600Hakluyt Voy. (1810) III. 186 Least any man should mis⁓deeme that God doth resist all attempts intended that way. 1817Shelley Rev. Islam xii. x, He misdeems That he is wise, whose wounds do only bleed Inly for self. 1839–52Bailey Festus 223 He by..instigating all the soul's vain aims, Misdeems to cause thee lose God.
†5. trans. To have a suspicion or inkling of; to suspect the existence or occurrence of (some evil).
1494Fabyan Chron. v. cxvii. 92 The Kynge not mys⁓demynge eny thyng of this Conspyred treason. a1553Udall Royster D. iv. iii. (Arb.) 62 Surely, this fellowe misdeemeth some yll in me. a1607T. Brightman Brightm. Rediv. iii. (1647) 78 While wee were in Ignorance, we lay secure in our sin,..never mis-deeming our estate. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 177 The Fox..misdeemeth no harm, and entreth into the hive which is wrought close into the mouth of his den.
†b. to misdeem (a person) for —: to suspect him to be —. Obs.
c1500Melusine 265/15 [He] was so Lyke a Sarasyn that no man mysdymed hym for other than a Sarasyn.
†6. intr. To suspect something evil. Obs.
c1430Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 222 Jewel thoght of treason and tray..Thoo he mysdemed in this case, Whan she cam not of so long while He supposed ther yede som gyle. 1556J. Heywood Spider & F. iii. 25 Hath fortune wrought my foes at this time hither, And not so much as warnde me to mis⁓deeme. 1561Sackville Gorboduc i. i. 39 (Manly), If thinges do so succede As now my ielous mind misdemeth sore. 1596Lodge Marg. Amer. 55 The emperour conceiving new suspitions upon this second assault, began to misdeeme.
†b. const. clause. To suspect (that..). Obs.
a1530Heywood Play of Love (Brandl) 516 Anone she mysdemed That I was not merely disposed, And so myght she thynke, for I disclosed No worde nor loke, but such as shewed as sadly as [etc.]. 1581Savile Tacitus, Hist. i. xxviii. (1591) 17 [He] gaue most men to misdeeme by his dealing, that he was somewhat of counsel with the case [orig. præbuit plerisque suspicionem conscientiæ]. 1600Fairfax Tasso x. xxxviii, Nor say I this for that I ought misdeeme That Egypts promis'd succours faile vs might. |