| 释义 |
milkweed|ˈmɪlkwiːd|
[f. milk n.1 + weed n.]
1. A name given to certain British wild plants with milky juice.
a. The sow-thistle, Sonchus oleraceus.
b. The brimstone-wort, Peucedanum palustre; called also marsh milkweed.
c. The sun-spurge, Euphorbia Helioscopia.
1598Florio Worlde of Wordes 199/2 Lattaria, herbe Tithimale, spurge or milk-weede. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Milk Weed. 1736Ainsworth Lat. Dict., Milk weed, Sonchos vel sonchus. 1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 293 Selinum sylvestre..Marsh Milkweed. Ibid. III. 675 Sonchus oleraceus... Sowthistle...Milkweed. 1955G. Grigson Englishman's Flora 227 Sun Spurge... Milk-weed, Ess[ex], Herts, E[ast] Ang[lia]. Ibid. 392 Sow Thistle... Milkweed, Som[erset].
2. Any plant of the North American genus Asclepias, esp. A. syriaca or Cornuti, the common milkweed or silkweed of the United States, which has a copious milky juice, and seeds tufted with long silky hairs. green milkweed, the asclepiadaceous genus Acerates.
1814J. Bigelow Florula Bostoniensis 62 Asclepias Syriaca, Common Silk weed or Milk weed,..is used as a substitute for feathers, fur, cotton, &c. 1845–50A. H. Lincoln Lect. Bot. App. 77 Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed). 1860Gray Man. Bot. U.S. 354 Acerates, Green Milkweed. 1923W. Cather Lost Lady 17 The silvery milkweed was just coming on.
attrib.1854Thoreau Walden 252 One very calm October after noon, for such days especially they settle on to the lakes, like the milkweed down, having looked in vain over the pond for a loon, suddenly one, sailing out from the shore.., set up his wild laugh. 1860Gray Man. Bot. U.S. 350 Asclepiadaceæ (Milkweed Family). 1862Lowell Biglow P. Ser. ii. No. vi, While Fancy's cushin'..Makes the hard bench ez soft ez milkweed-down. 1933M. de la Roche Master of Jalna vii. 69 A milkweed pod having burst, its hoard was released and the silvery particles,..swam delicately on the light breeze. 1957L. Eiseley Immense Journey 69 There passed before my eyes the million airy troopers of the milkweed pod. 1968Times 2 Oct. 12/5 Butterflies reared on the milkweed species Asclepias curassavica.
3. In names of various North American insects feeding on milkweed: milkweed beetle, a brightly coloured beetle, Tetraopes tetraophthalmus; milkweed bug, either of two species of bugs of the family Lygæidæ, Oncopeltus fasciatus, the large milkweed bug, or Lygæus kalmi, the small milkweed bug; milkweed butterfly = monarch n.1 3.
1842T. W. Harris Insects Injurious to Vegetation 455/2 *Milk-weed beetle. 1954Borror & DeLong Introd. Study Insects xxii. 398 T[etraopes] tetraophthalmus Forster is a common species feeding on milkweed, and is often called the red milkweed beetle.
1905V. L. Kellogg Amer. Insects x. 211 The *milkweed-bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus, about 2/3 inch long, orange above with most of head and prothorax except the margins black, and a broad black band across the middle of the fore wings and large black blotch on their tips, is a common showy bug on various species of milkweed. 1970Nature 3 Jan. 82/1 We have treated eggs of the milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus, with a juvenile hormone analogue. 1972Swan & Papp Common Insects N. Amer. xii. 125 In the Small Milkweed Bug, L[ygæus] kalmi, the black on the pronotum is separated from the black on the front of the wings. 1974Nature 12 Apr. 556/3 Experiments in this same general field carried out on the milkweed bug Oncopeltus.
1889Insect Life I. 221 The following is a brief account of a migratory movement of enormous numbers of the common so-called *Milk-weed Butterfly. 1906R. South Butterflies Brit. Isles 107 The actual number of specimens of the Milkweed, or, as it is sometimes called, Monarch butterfly, seen or caught in England..does not much exceed thirty. 1972Country Life 6 Apr. 846/1 The milkweed or monarch butterfly is a denizen of North America. |